i879-] Peruvian Antiquities . 95 
no evidence of the Incas ever having occupied this part of 
Peru after they had subdued it. 
From Lima, north, along the coast, the Ancon and Chancay 
Railroad is built. Ancon, 18 miles from Lima, is a favourite 
summer sea-side resort. Just before reaching Ancon, the rail- 
road runs through an immense burying-ground, or “ huaca.” 
Make a circuit of 6 to 8 miles, and on every side you see 
skulls, legs, arms, and the whole skeleton of the human 
body lying about in the sand. Legs attached to pelvis, and 
bent up, still with mummified skin on them ; arms in 
the same state; relics of plaited straw, forming coffin swathes; 
pieces of net, of cloth, and many otner such accompani- 
ments of funeral accessories. Some water crafts of very 
superior quality have been obtained from these graves. Of 
these there are three different forms, in places separated 
a short distance from each other, but each style having its 
defined outline of locale. As to the shape of the graves, 
there are some of an inverted cylinder form, like that of a 
lime-kiln, the insides of which are lined with masonry work. 
In these the body is placed in the upright position. There 
is also the ordinary longitudinal grave, in which the corpse 
is right in contact with the earth. Likewise the grave cut 
square to a depth of 6 to 8 ft., at the top of which, or within 
1 or 2 ft. of the surface of the ground, is a roofing or cover- 
ing of mat-work, placed on wooden rafters. In one of these 
Dr. Hutchinson, her Britannic Majesty’s Consul at Callao, 
found three bodies, all wrapped up together — being a man, 
woman, and child — their faces being swathed with llama 
wool instead of cotton, as is usually seen in ordinary ones. 
He also turned out relics of fishing nets, with some needles 
for making them, varieties of cloth, tapestry, and work-bags, 
resembling ladies’ reticules. Not a vestige of vegetation 
about, nor sign of relic of the terraces mentioned by Prescott. 
Whence came these hundreds and thousands of people, who 
are buried at Ancon ? How did they make out a living 
while on the earth ? Time and time again the archaeologist 
finps himself face to face with such questions, to which he 
can only shrug his shoulders and say with the natives, 
“ Quien sabe ?” Who knows ? 
At Parmayo, 14 miles further “ down north,” and on the 
sea shore, is another great burying-ground. Thousands of 
skeletons lie about, thrown out by the treasure-seekers. It 
has more than a half-mile of cutting through it for the 
Ancon and Chancay R. R. It extends up the face of the 
hill from the sea shore to the height of about 800 ft., and 
being from a half to three-fourths of a mile in breadth, some 
idea may be formed of its extent. 
