Peruvian Antiquities . 
97 
1879.] 
a mile intervening, are the great ruins of fortresses, which 
natives entitle Huaca of the Bell. La Campana, the huacas 
of Pando, consisting of a series of large and small mounds, 
and extending over a stretch of ground incalculable without 
being measured, form a colossal accumulation. The principal 
large ones are three in number; that holding the name of 
the “Bell” is calculated to be 108 to no feet in height. 
At the western side, looking towards Callao, there Jis a 
square plateau with an elevation of about 22 to 24 feet, 
95 to 96 yards north and south, east and west. At the 
summit it is 276 to 278 yards long, and 95 to 96 across. On 
the top there are eight gradations of declivity, each from 
one to two yards lower than its neighbour ; counting in 
direction lengthwise, the first plateau is 96 to 97 yards ; 
second plateau, 96 to 26 yards ; third plateau, 23 to 24 
yards; fourth plateau, 11 to 12 yards; fifth plateau, 11 to 
25 yards ; sixth plateau, 23 to 24 yards ; seventh plateau, 35 
to 36 yards ; eighth plateau, 35 to 37 yards ; making a total 
of about 278 yards. For these measurements of the Huatica 
ruins 1 am indebted to the notes of J. B. Steere, Professor of 
Natural History and Curator of the Museum at Ann Arbor, 
Michigan. 
The square plateau first mentioned, at the base, consists 
of two divisions, one 6 feet lower than the other, but each 
measuring a perfect square 47 to 48 yards ; the two joining 
form the square of 96 yards. Beside this, and a little for- 
ward on the western side, is another square of 47 to 48 
yards. On the top, returning again, we find the same sym- 
metry of measurement in the multiples of twelve, nearly 
all the ruins in this valley being the same, which is a fact 
for the curious. Was it by accident or design ? In its 
breadth from north to south three levels are found. The 
first lower down, 17 to 18 yards wide ; the second or highest 
summit, 59 to 60 yards across; and the third descent again, 
23 to 24 yards. Themound is a truncated pyramidal form, and 
is calculated to contain a mass of 14,641,820 cubic feet of 
material. For the most part, this great work is composed 
of adobes, each 6 inches long, 4 inches wide, and 2J thick, 
many having the marks of fingers on them. But this does 
not consist of more than one-third of the Pando huaca. 
Walking down past the southern corner, where the 
adobes are tumbled into a conglomerate mass by some 
earthquake, we see skulls with bones of arms and legs, 
cropping up in many places. The same adobe work is visi- 
ble throughout, and the whole length of these structures 
range between 700 and 800 yards. The “ Fortress ” is a 
VOL. ix. (n.s.) h 
