i879-1 
Notices of Books. 
«3 
Hilary Term of 1876. The work commences with definitions of 
the fundamental limits, and passes on to the methods of mea- 
suring heat. The third chapter treats of the conservation of 
energy, and in it the first law of Thermodynamics is fully dis- 
cussed, together with Dr. Joule’s experiments, and the general 
equation of equivalence. The fourth chapter is devoted to the 
transformation of heat, and includes the development of Carnot’s 
function and the second law of Thermodynamics. Other chap- 
ters treat of change of state, the flow of fluids, and heat-engines. 
The kinetic theory of gases is omitted, because Mr. Watson’s 
treatise on the subject contains all that is required. 
Mr. Baynes has furnished frequent references to the most 
notable and most recent researches connected with his subjedt, 
and his treatise will become a standard work wherever the higher 
branches of Physics are taught from a mathematical point of 
view. 
Hydrostatics and Pneumatics. By Philip Magnus. London : 
Longmans. 1878. 
This forms the seventh volume of the “ London Science Class- 
Book Series. It is divided into seven chapters, which discuss 
the principal facts connected with liquids and gases, at rest and 
in motion. The motion of liquids and gases is less completely 
studied than the statical problems in relation to these bodies ; 
and the considerable results which follow, both in Nature and on 
the ledture table, from the diminution of pressure in the line of 
a moving fluid or gas, are completely ignored. The book, 
although intended for school purposes, is in the main somewhat 
too advanced for any but the older boys in a school : it will, 
however, be very useful for examination purposes and for special 
reading. 
In a second edition we trust the author will introduce some 
mention of the experiments of his namesake, Prof. Magnus, on 
the motion of fluids, and will give one or two examples in each 
set of exercises of worked-out problems. 
We cannot tell who is responsible for Fig. 35, p. 76, or 
whether the author has experimentally tried it ; suffice it to say 
that if the flow of water through the pipe be at all rapid, the 
liquid, so far from being raised in the lateral tubes, will draw in 
air through them, and will afford no indication at all of the 
amount of pressure on the walls of the tube. 
VOL. IX. (N.S.) 
I 
