1879J 
Seed-Breeding . 
53i 
In order to dispense with the use of a refkdtor I arrange 
the carbons + above, as described in the “ Journal of the 
Franklin Institute ” for May and June, 1878. 
The peculiar cup-shaped appearance of the positive car- 
bon helps to concentrate the light on the condenser. It is 
understood that any lamp in which the carbons are arranged 
end to end can be used with electrodes prepared as above. 
Such a lamp can be easily substituted in a lantern made for 
use with oxy-hydro-lime light. I use constantly such a 
lamp with one of Edgerton’s physical lanterns originally 
made for the lime light. I am inclined to think a kaolin 
paste would be better than plaster for coating the carbons. 
The eleCtric force used in all the experiments has been fur- 
nished by the Gramme machine, described in the “ Journal 
of the Franklin Institute ” already cited. 
The use of projections for illustration in lectures on 
Chemistry and Physics has become so general that I hope 
the suggestions in this Paper may prove of some benefit.— 
A merican Journal of Science and A rts. 
V. SEED-BREEDING. 
By E. Lewis Sturtevant, M.D., So. Framingham, Mass. 
E sow wheat in order to reap wheat, and rye in order 
y^V 9 to reap rye, and corn in order to harvest corn ; and 
were the wheat to turn out rye, and the corn-field 
to yield barley, we should suffer even a greater bewilderment 
than did the heroes of ancient fable when they became inti- 
mate with those enchanters and sorcerers who caused fishes 
to indulge in conversation and mankind to become changed 
into beast-like forms. For the world is so subject to law 
that its recognition on a large scale is part of each man’s 
daily experience ; and living amid the triumphs of modern 
science, even the every-day labourer is educated uncon- 
sciously within the sequences of a more and more corredt 
