i879-] 
Notes. 
n i 
Another number of these valuable Records ” contains an inte- 
resting discussion on the origin and affinities of a fossil jaw, 
found in the Sivalik range, which is referred to a new species, 
Palceopithecus sivalensis. It was intermediate in size between 
the mias and the gorilla, but in dentition falls between the chim- 
panzee and man. The author considers that its occurrence is 
another piece of evidence in favour of the hypothetical sunken 
continent Lemuria, from which the anthropoids have been dis 
persed. He suggests that the unexplored tertiaries of Africa, 
Sumatra, Borneo, and Southern India may probably contain 
forms bridging the chasm between the highest-known apes and 
man. In the same district proof has been obtained of the former 
existence in India of an emeu double the size of the existing 
emeu of Australia. Megaloscelornis sivalensis was a wader 
probably allied to the adjutant crane, but in stoutness and length 
of limb approaching the ostrich. Colonel C. A. MacMahon 
contributes some interesting notes on the supposed glaciation of 
India. He finds the contour of the hills and valleys in the 
interior Himalayas sharp and angular, rounded outlines, where 
seen, being sufficiently explained by the adtion of sub-aerial forces 
on comparatively soft and friable rocks. The idea of an ice-cap 
is thus set aside, and there seems even no evidence that the 
existing glaciers had ever, within a reasonable geological period, 
extended lower than 11,000 feet above the sea-level. Mr. 
Lydekker, in his investigations in the valley of Kashmir, finds 
no evidence in favour of a former glaciation of the outer hills 
and the Upper Punjab. 
From a memoir on the “ Geology of the Salt-Range in the 
Punjab,” by Mr. A. B. Wynne, we learn that the rocks of the 
salt-range comprise alternations of calcareous, earthy, and sandy 
deposits, which may be arranged under thirteen main divisions. 
Nine of these can be referred to as many of the main formations 
recognised by geologists, whilst the ages of the other four are 
not satisfactorily determined. The economic resources of the 
district have been exaggerated. The deposits of salt, indeed, 
are enormous, and the average annual receipts from their work- 
ing reach the sum of £388,144. Still we must remember that 
the world’s available supplies of this mineral are incalculably in 
excess of any conceivable demand for ages to come. In the so- 
called Mayo mine a pink-coloured salt has been found containing 
61 per cent, of potassium chloride, but unfortunately it formed 
merely a local lenticular deposit, and Mr. Wynne has not been 
able to detedt it in other parts of the range. The coal found in 
the region is pyritic, shaly, and not very abundant. Sulphur 
occurs in exceedingly small quantities. Petroleum wells are not 
copious, a gallon daily being considered a good flow. Sand- 
stones, saturated with oil, are abundant, and might, doubtless, 
be profitably distilled. The stream-gold yields a scanty return, 
4 annas’ worth being the average per man for a day’s washing. 
