744 
Longevity , 
[November, 
decided, on anatomical grounds, that man was neither 
herbivorous nor carnivorous, but a frugivorous, or fruit- 
eating animal. Next they estimated the precise amount of 
food and of drink that was necessary to support the reserve 
and the adtive life in the varied stages of life. Again, they 
determined the reduction of food that is required when the 
reserve life is withdrawn, and when the adtive life being left 
alone, it is the more requisite that no additional surplus of 
tissue or fluid, fat or water, should encumber the body; that 
no excess of force should be supplied to the digestive organs 
to the deprivation of other organs equally important, and 
that no over-taxation should be cast on the digestive organs 
themselves. Step by step, they were led hereupon to the 
introdudtion of an entire change of food and feeding. Ani- 
mals were given up as sources of sustenance ; fruits became 
greatly in demand ; the bread tree competed with wheat 
grain ; the banana and the grape were called largely into 
use; the juices of fruits almost entirely superseded water 
as beverages ; while chemistry, coming in always to the 
assistance of man, easily transmuted many vegetable sub- 
stances into the most perfedtly digestible of foods for every 
variety of age and constitution. Of purely animal sub- 
stances, milk only, and the products of it, butter and cheese, 
retained full sway. Of the vegetable kingdom not fru- 
givorous, cereals, pulses, tomatoes, potatoes, and other fresh 
vegetables, with the edible Fungi, retained their useful 
place ; and in respedt to quantity of food and drink, not 
more than half by weight began to be consumed compared 
with what had been consumed before. 
The last of the later advancements in order of time, and 
the final in order of complete accomplishment of obedience 
to natural design, had relation to sleep and rest. When 
the sun became the fellow-workman of the people of Salut- 
land, the redemption of their bodies from premature death 
was carried out with the fullest success. The people saved 
millions in money, but this was nothing to the other saving. 
That nervous system of theirs — that system which takes in 
the outer universe, which is stirred by its waves, and sleeps, 
if it be permitted, when the waves sleep — found at last its 
natural time for work and for rest. All Salutland laid down 
like one vast living world to enter oblivion, and to wake 
from it filled with another spell of life, ready and happy to 
greet another day. 
If there were any hope of Dr. Richardson’s city and 
people having any other than an ideal existence, we might 
