Instinct and Mind. 
[April, 
234 
tribal. Some ichneumons, or vibrating flies, pierce the outer 
0 f a caterpillar and insert their eggs beneath it , wh 
hatched the larval distinguish between , the fat 
integuments, and it is only at the close, ot their existence 
thev assail the vital organs, and then issue through t e 
openings in the skin, and spin their cocoons on the surface 
of the corpse which had been their home and 
Tn these instances — thousands more could be adduc 
there appears to be a working and applied intelligence, and 
if they were the result of culture could not be distinguished 
from Reason. But in these cases of prevision, as with other 
inherited characteristics, they are innate and tubal. 
The illustrations above adduced are so broad an is- 
tinaive as should suffice to exclude the idea that animal 
mentality and mind, as presented by man, are the same 
The first y has its base in the senses, and is common to t 
snecies or varieties by which it is exhibited, • •> • 
In man’s mentality there is an individualisation. The 
insea and the animal gets from its tribal instinct tha 
which the races of man acquire by culture, and in 
beyond of the sense mentality man has the abstraa and the 
ld< There are doubtless many extraordinary tales told of the 
doings of animals, but on a careful analysis they may all be 
traced to affectional emotions and to sensory impulses , 
many probably are unintentional exaggerations arising from 
impeded! observations, and are sometimes amphfied by the 
astonishment excited by what appears an unusual inci ^ 
I could tell extraordinary tales of my dog Grip, as cou 
other possessors of dogs; but in all the p^eui'Eirities there 
is always a something wanting— that missing link whic 
shows the distinftion between mind and instinaive adap 
abi I Ut Lve endeavoured comprehensively to treat this most 
interesting subject, avoiding the introduction of anything 
extraneous into the argument. To me the problem appeare 
[o be a simple one ; but when I find a great diversity of 
opinion enveloping it, and ponderous tomes presented as- 
suming to be analyses of mind and mstina, I pause in 
wonder. The works, for the most part, are confined to 
anecdotes of animals, amusing, but very vague when use 
I cannot bn. toe, ,h„ irt.tevan, 
and ill-digested comments have built up an argument w 
appears to be wanting in a fundamental principle. In the 
dforqma of the universe the most modest of inorganic 
