720 Analyses of Books. [November, 
the old conflict between those who uphold innate ideas, and 
those who derive all our knowledge from individual experience. 
And by the aid of heredity he accounts for the sense of obliga- 
tion. He considers that man will not be perfected in virtue 
until he has reached a state where the feeling of duty, the con- 
sciousness of obligation, is left behind, and we do what is right 
with an instinctive spontaneity. 
In treating on “ morals and knowledge ” the author states the 
“ difference ” of view between the educationist party and their 
opponents. Of the former he says : — “ They point to the faCt 
that the criminal class, in almost every civilised nation of the 
world, is recruited from the ranks of the ignorant.” N ow it is 
true that the criminal has no love of knowledge for its own 
sake. But if you force education upon him will his inherited 
nature be thereby modified ? Again we read They point to 
the faCt that no one can dispute that those nations that are the 
most illiterate are the ones that present to us the longest cata- 
logue of crimes.” This alleged faCt we consider by no means 
unimpeachable. It may be said on the authority of one who 
has had full opportunities of observing,* that among certain 
savage tribes each man scrupulously respeCts the rights of his 
fellow, and an infraction of these rights rarely or never takes 
place.” 
Mr. Savage insists strongly on the evils resulting from well- 
meaning ignorance. “ The ignorant, stupid good nature of the 
world has been guilty of the larger part of its infamies.” One 
term here requires emendation : for “ good nature ” let us read 
“ conscientiousness.” 
Here space compels us to close our survey of this book. The 
bulk of its contents do not admit of discussion in our pages, and 
from many of its teachings we must emphatically dissent. But 
there can be no doubt that it is a work which thoughtful men 
will read with great interest and advantage. 
The Natural History of the Agricultural Ant of Texas. A 
Monograph of the Habits , Architecture , and Structure of 
Pogonomyrmex Barbatus. By Henry Christopher 
McCook. Philadelphia and London: J. B. Lippincott 
and Co. 
Nearly twenty years have now passed since the first account of 
the Texan Agricultural Ant was given by the late Dr. Gideon 
Lincecum, of Long Point, and S. B. Buckley. The notes of 
these naturalists, however, were received with very general 
• Mr. A. R. Wallace. 
