1 88 1 .] Correspondence. 559 
by a scientific man in America, entirely independently of my own 
researches. 
Mr. Bishop is a professional sleight-of-hand performer, and is 
not bound to reveal whence he gained all his secrets, and my 
reference to him was incidental only. He has given the psy- 
chologists of England opportunity to investigate the phenomena 
of muscle-reading fairly and fully, as I understand, and for this 
he is to be credited and Science to be congratulated, for the phe- 
nomena are most remarkable indeed. I am glad to have my 
own researches confirmed here, as they had long ago been many 
times confirmed in the States ; and it is very interesting to note 
that Mr. Geo. J. Romanes, William Croom Robertson, and others 
who have studied the subject in England, have, so far as they 
have gone, passed step by step through the same stages of doubt 
and difficulty, and demonstration, that I passed through with my 
experiments. It is to be regretted that other psychologists whose 
attention was called to this matter did not also improve this 
most excellent opportunity to study the adtion of mind on body. 
Ten years ago there was not a physiologist or psychologist in 
the world who would have admitted the possibility of these phe- 
nomena ; now there is no one who has seen and studied them 
who will deny their genuineness. 
The chief criticism I have to make is on the condudl of Dr. 
W. B. Carpenter, and in this criticism all who know the fadts 
must be in accord. When Mr. Bishop first came to Dr. Carpen- 
ter, the latter surely could not have forgotten that my original 
paper, “ Muscle- Reading versus Mind-Reading,” had not only 
been long in his possession, but quotations from it had been made 
by him in his own writing. He could not have forgotten that a 
year or more before he had written me in regard to that subjedt, 
and that very paper saying that he was so much pleased with 
that paper, as well as with another monograph of mine in which 
I had formulated the six sources of error in experimenting with 
human beings, that he had desired me to send him, as speedily 
as possible, all my papers on Trance, the Involuntary Life, and 
allied themes, in order to assist him in the paper he was pre- 
paring for publication. He could not have forgotten that in that 
same letter he stated that these subjedts had occupied his mind 
for forty years, but that I had been able to give them more ex- 
clusive and successful attention than had been possible for 
himself. He could not have forgotten that he also spoke of Mr. 
Bishop, and some of the phenomena produced by him that he 
and Prof. Huxley had witnessed. The reprints and monographs 
that he desired, including the Physiology of mind-reading, — 
which you published, were promptly sent to him with an accom- 
panying letter. 
The next heard of the subjedt in England is a letter from Dr. 
Carpenter introducing Mr. Bishop to the scientific world as 
possessing some novel powers, and giving an implied — though 
