582 A Geological Idea of Lord Bacon’s. [October, 
much larger, as required by proportion 1 : 4*78. At the 
north the conditions are the same, but in different form. 
For Ap the normal line of advance fell 44 0 56' from Ps 
into 45 0 41' S. lat ; the trune advanced north would be there- 
fore 31 0 20' wide and 44 0 56' high. 
For Af, closing the circuit, the trune passed north would 
be 31 0 20' wide and 55 0 48' high. 
These three trunes, 1T36', 44 0 56', and 55 0 48 high, repre- 
sent 1-3*49 °f all land. But as the land passes north, the 
ocean becoming confined in the extending arCtic zone, and 
the excess weight of land pressing on the elastic substratum 
reaCt increasingly from the land on the water hemisphere. 
The land retained and passed by reaction at and to the south 
is therefore equal to the land within the arCtic zone, which 
is to that in and round the antarCtic zone ^2*83 : 1. It is 
1-20 = 1-12*08 (polar zone to sphere) — 1-29*78 of all land. It 
is to the land actually past north as 1 : ( ^2*83) 3 minus 1-480 
of all land. It is when a, the land maintained south by re- 
action from the north, and b, the land actually passed north, 
a: (a + b)— — - — (by tertiary reaction) as yi-2978 : 1 = : 5*47. 
47 77 
The ocean at the north is within a fire-warmer, waters having 
travelled from the north to the south in filters round Ps into 
the boiler below ; the inner envelope is heated by pressure 
and friction turned into steam and presses land lifting to- 
wards the north, warming the water passing at the north 
over the bottom of the sea. The land raising north to south 
is a counter-process. The figures 1 : 5*47 have a varied 
significance for the present life of the earth. 
The 1-20 of all land retained at the south by northern 
reaction is, after deduction of 1-480 of all land returning to 
Pr, divided between Ap and Af in proportion 1 : (^2*83) 3 . 
All land of Pr south of the equator is therefore equal to 
half the segment, minus a trune 31 0 20' of longitude wide, 
with the equator as basis, and as high as the distance between 
the Antarctic circle and Cape Horn. 
All the land south of the equator belonging to Af is equal 
in surface to the triangle between Ps and the parallel of 
Cape I’ Agulhas, the southernmost point of the segment in 
34 0 55' S. latitude. 
The portion of segment Ap between Ps and Van Diemen’s 
Land in 43 0 40' is equal to the Australian continent. The 
triangle between Ps and the south of this continent in 
38° 40' is equal to all land of segment Ap south of the 
equator. 
The separation of the south section of Ap from Van 
