THE 
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE. 
NOVEMBER, 1881. 
I. MINIATURE PHYSICAL GEOLOGY. 
By C. Lloyd Morgan, F.G.S., Assoc. R.S.M. 
I. 
f OME four years ago I described in the columns of 
“ Nature ” a few observations I had made, during 
seaside walks, on the subjedt of Miniature Physical 
Geology. The observations were such as might be made by 
anyone at almost any time. Still I thought that lessons 
were to be learnt in this way. And I ventured to draw 
attention to some of these lessons. I concluded my com- 
munication to “ Nature ” with these words: — “ My objedt 
in drawing attention to such matters of ordinary observation 
is to induce young students of physical geology to go out 
and observe these things for themselves. If, after a morning’s 
study of Lyell’s ‘ Principles,’ the young geologist will devote 
an hour’s careful observation to miniature physical geology, 
with sketch- and note-book in hand, he will find that his 
conceptions have a reality and a solidity which could not 
have been evolved in the study at home, while at the same 
time he will find it more easy to grasp, when he shall have 
the opportunity, the workings of Nature on a grander scale.” 
In this paper I propose to treat this subject a little more 
fully, to describe shortly such simple observations as I have 
made, and to point out how frequently we may see for our- 
selves, during a seaside or hillside ramble, representations on 
a small scale of some of the grandest works of Nature. 
There are few of us, I imagine, that have not felt the 
advantages of pidtorial illustrations as aids to comprehen- 
sion. But in some subjedts working models are more 
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