16 Phrenology and Animal Psychology. [January, 
the other classes of persons who indulge in utterly wanton 
inflictions of pain, it might be difficult for Mr. Dolan to 
show. We have no doubt that the intentions of this gen- 
tleman were excellent, but we fear that he has gravely com- 
promised the movement which must now be made to stay 
the march of fanaticism. The naturalists of England are, 
we believe, fully prepared to stand shoulder to shoulder with 
the medical profession, but they cannot consent to any line 
of defence by which they would be abandoned. 
III. PHRENOLOGY AND ANIMAL PSYCHOLOGY. 
By J. W. Slater. 
T is well known that a feud exists between the naturalists 
and the metaphysicians, or, as they prefer to call them- 
selves, philosophers, on the subject of animal psychology. 
The latter gravely decide on d priori principles, or indeed 
sometimes assume without any grounds at all that “ mere 
brutes” cannot lay claim to some particular faculty of the 
mind. The naturalists, on the other hand, true to their 
training, allow themselves to be guided by fa< 5 ts. If they 
observe in any animal the manifestations of a certain faculty 
or sentiment, they at once admit its presence and do not 
seek to evade the issue by cunningly drawn definitions pro- 
posed for the very purpose of creating a “ great gulf” between 
man and his “poor relations.” Hence it may be suspected 
that metaphysical subtlety is rather a hindrance than an 
aid in the study of the animal mind. 
Now it is somewhat singular that the phrenology of Gall, 
Spurzheim, and Combe, though in many respects hostile to 
the psychology of the metaphysical schools, entered into an 
alliance with them by assenting to the assumption of a 
distinction toto coelo between “ man” and “brute.” This 
view the phrenologists expressed in their arrangement of 
the “ sentiments.” They proposed one class as “common 
to man with the lower animals,” and another as “ proper to 
man.” Under the former head they placed “ self esteem, 
love of approbation, cautiousness, and benevolence.” Under 
