274 Tfo Highest Education and its Difficulties . [May, 
club of the antennas is in inserts the seat of the sense of 
smell. But the researches of Le Pere Montrousier are con- 
firmed hy those of another observer. Dr. Gustav Hansen 
(“ Zeitschrift fur Wissenschaftliche Zoologie,” xxxiv., p. 367) 
has studied the behaviour of inserts towards strongly odor- 
iferous bodies, both in the natural state and after the antennas 
have been removed or coated with paraffin. In either of the 
latter conditions they ceased to recognise smells. Blowflies 
thus treated took no notice of tainted meat. 
The conclusion may therefore be accepted as irresistible 
that the antennae, and in particular their terminal portion, 
are the organs of smell. The internal organs, so minutely 
studied by Dr. Wolff, may indeed be organs of some sense, 
— possibly of one unknown to man, — but there is no evidence 
that they are in any way concerned with the perception and 
appreciation of odours. The assertion, on the other hand, 
of Dr. Vitus Graber (“ Die Insekten,” p. 305), that <£ no one 
has yet proved that the antennae of inserts evince any sensi- 
bility for odoriferous matters,” will, in view of the diredt 
evidence to the contrary given above, be permitted to find its 
own level. 
IV. THE HIGHEST EDUCATION AND ITS 
DIFFICULTIES * 
AVE we in reality reformed our Universities and their 
teachings so as to bring them into real harmony 
with the position and the wants of the age ? Pro- 
fessor Huxley in one of the works before us seems to reply 
in the affirmative. He tells us that the Recommendations 
of the Commission, of which he was an adtive member, 
have been well nigh anticipated by the spontaneous adtion 
* University Reform. The Inaugural Address for 1881. Delivered at 
Canterbury College, New Zealand University. By Prof. A. W. Bickerton, 
Christchurch, (N.Z.) Tombs and Co. 
Science and Culture. By T. H. Huxley, F.R.S. London : Macmillan 
and Co. 
Oxford University Examination Papers. Second Public Examination. 
Honour School of Natural Science. Trinity Term, 1879. Michaelmas Term, 
1879. Trinity Term, 1880. Michaelmas Term, 1880. Oxford: Clarendon 
Press. 
t? 
