416 The Extraction of Gold. [July? 
intermediate and higher education. io. Organisation of 
university education, n. Systems of public instiuCtion in 
various countries. 
What will be the conclusions reached we do not venture 
to forebode. Perhaps we shall be told, on the authority of 
amateur biologists and psychologists, that anxiety and work 
under pressure, especially in childhood and early youth, are 
conducive to health ; that “ cram ” is not merely salutary, 
but is the only way to train up eminent discoverers and in- 
ventors. Or, perhaps, we may confess that we have been 
going year by year more widely astray, and that our educa^- 
tional arrangements, if the “wonder,” are scarcely the “ envy 
of the civilised world. 
VII. THE EXTRACTION OF GOLD. 
“ And is not gold the god of earth.” 
P. J. Bailey. 
J LT is in these days justly and generally considered as a 
[ humiliating failure if in any industrial operation we do 
not secure practically the whole of the valuable pro- 
ducts. The farmer seeks to reap and garner in the entire 
crops which have grown and ripened on his acres. If pre- 
vented by bad weather he bewails his bad luck if foolish ; 
and if prudent and energetic, he secures a Gillwell harvest- 
drying machine. The manufacturer, of every kind and 
grade, is always on the alert to utilise the whole of the raw 
materials which enter his factory, and if any waste products 
are formed he moves heaven and earth to turn them to ac- 
count, or to extract from them some portion at least which 
may have a market value. 
Instances of the success of such endeavours are familiar 
not merely to practical men in any department, but to the 
whole reading public. The prevention of waste and the 
utilisation of refuse, from coal-tar down to the waste soap- 
suds of the woollen mills, have served “ to point a moral 
and adorn a tale ” almost to weariness. 
Such being the undoubted tendency of the age it may 
strike us as strange — as scarcely in fadt credible — that in an 
