526 Sugar from the Juice of the Ccine , &c. \ September, 
real improvement to take place the planter or grower of the 
cane must cease to be the manufacturer of the sugar, for as 
long as the occupier of each estate manufactures his own 
sugar, as is done at present, only imperfect processes for the 
manufacture can be adopted, for each grower would not 
have the means for employing the intelligence and skill that 
would be required for carrying out a process by means of 
which white sugar would be obtained as readily as brown 
sugar is at present produced, and with the large increase I 
have already named in the quantity of sugar. It would be 
more reasonable for every farmer to be a butcher, a miller, 
and even a baker, than for the grower of sugar-canes to 
manufacture the sugar from the canes he grows, as in the 
former businesses little (if any) scientific skill is required 
for their superintendence after they are once started, 
whereas with regard to the manufacture of sugar scientific 
knowledge and skill are constantly required : this is proved 
by the faCt that in the former trades little is left to be done 
in the way of improvements, whereas in the manufacture of 
sugar from the cane the most vital improvement has yet to 
be achieved. 
But the advantages that would accrue from the separation 
of the purely agricultural from the manufatturing operations 
in the case of the sugar industry has only, in the present 
day, to be stated for it to be seen and comprehended ; for it 
is now admitted that the production of butter and cheese 
can in most cases be more satisfactorily, in every respeCt, 
carried on by specialists than by the farmers. And a perfect 
process for the manufacture of sugar, like all other perfect 
processes, would necessarily require more skill, care, and 
attention than a crude and imperfect one requires. 
The possibility of not only obtaining white sugar in small 
quantities or under exceptional circumstances, but in large 
quantities and under the ordinary natural conditions, can- 
not be gainsaid, for the refiner accomplishes it with sugar 
containing, in addition to the impurities of the juice, those 
which have been formed by the unskilful treatment the sugar 
underwent in the process of manufacture. That it can be ob- 
tained white cheaply and readily I have convinced myself, as 
I have ascertained that the vegetable impurities in the juice 
can be completely removed ; and if this perfect defecation of 
the juice were accomplished a system of evaporation could 
be employed in which the natural heat of the climate could 
be utilised, which cannot be done with an impure juice. 
Were this most vital improvement carried out in the 
manufacture of cane sugar, the beet-root sugar industry 
