The Functions of the Cerebrum. [October, 
An intensification of reflex excitability is regularly 
manifested. ... , , . u 
There is very often a change in his moral character ; he 
becomes more irritable and quarrelsome. He gives, _ in- 
variably, proofs of a general excitement. He is impatient, 
distracted, and runs restlessly about. 
The sense perceptions are not much enfeebled. 
The intelligence is always moderately reduced. 
2. A dog of the class b has his sense of touch undis- 
turbed, and feels well. He does not step on vacancy. 
He can not only use all the muscles of his body at plea- 
sure, but these movements take place approximately with the 
same dexterity as in a dog in his normal condition. He 
displays no awkwardness in eating, and knows how to hold 
bones fast with his paws. He hesitates at leaping down 
even from a trifling height. 
His reflex irritability is not increased. 
If previously violent he becomes good natured after 
removal of the occipital lobes. He is free from excitement, 
and both in his bearing and movements he appears quiet, 
discreet, and tranquil. . , , f 
He suffers from a general and well-marked weakness ot 
perception. , 
His intelligence is profoundly reduced. 
Professor Goltz further adds that dogs of the class a 
become and remain meagre, whilst those of the class b 
invariably grow tat. 
According to these results, there cannot, as a critic, in the 
“ Naturforscher ’’observes, remain the slightest doubt that a 
doo- which has lost the posterior lobes differs in very essen- 
tia! points from one which has undergone a corresponding 
operation in the anterior portion of the brain. Hence, even 
in the opinion of Professor Goltz, the lobes of the ceiebium 
have not one and the same signification. It remains 
however an open question in how far the pathological 
phenomena above described are dependent on the extirpa- 
tion of the grey substance or on the accompanying injury to 
the white matter, flhe question cannot be decided expeii- 
mentally, since it is not possible entirely to remove the 
orey matter without interfering with the white substance. 
Even if the latter is not mechanically injured, its nutrition 
is so compromised by the removal of the coitical layei that 
we cannot possibly suppose its normal action to be un- 
impaired. All experiments which aim at determining the 
functions of the grey substance are open to this source of 
error. 
