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[Odlober, 
ANALYSES OF BOOKS. 
An Introduction to Mental Philosophy on the Inductive Method. 
With numerous Examination-Papers in Mental Science set 
in the different Examinations in the London University, 
By J. D. Morell, A.M., LL.D. London: W. Stewart 
and Co. 
This work, as appears from the very title, is written from a 
point of view which does not commend itself to our approval. 
This is shown beyond all doubt in the last paragraph of the 
Preface. Dr. Morell there writes: — “To render this edition 
more useful as an Examination Text-book I have asked the aid 
of a London University graduate, and an experienced tutor, to 
eliminate from the text what may seem unnecessary or confusing 
to the student, and to throw the whole into the form suited to 
the requirements of the London B.A. and other examinations in 
which psychology is taken as a subjedt. And to render the book 
still more useful to students a large number of Examination- 
Papers have been appended, which papers could not possibly be 
answered from the contents of any one book, but as many of 
which could be dealt with diredtly, or by inference, from this 
volume as from any other yet published.” 
Now an “ Examination Text-book,” whatever ability it may 
otherwise evince, can only be regarded as the outcome of a radi- 
cally vicious system, in the main peculiar to England, and the 
chief cause why — with fair natural capacities, and with a prodi- 
gal expenditure of time, labour, and money — we occupy a position 
in Science inferior to that of certain rival nations. 
As regards not a few of the questions in the “ Examination- 
Papers ” it might be, for a man of abundant leisure, a curious 
employment to speculate on the state of mind of the persons 
putting these questions, on the answers they might expedt, and 
on those they adtually received. But for such musings this is 
not the place. 
The author, it will be seen, treats of mental philosophy as a 
natural science, to be studied on the indudtive method. In the 
very outset of the chapter dealing with the “fadts of psychology” 
it will be seen that Dr Morell’s subjedt in not general, but human, 
psychology. He does not begin, e.g ., with the simplest mani- 
festations of mind, such as we find them in the lower animals, 
and trace them upwards to their highest complexity as shown in 
man, thus following the plan which in physiology has proved so 
fruitful in important results. There may, perhaps, be grounds 
