362 
A nalysis of Books. 
[June, 
hoodie and carrion crow is common. This . orni “°^^ 
such hybrid birds mated together and producing eggs and l young. 
In Germany and Austria the male capercailzie is 0 
mated with the black hen (T. Tetrix), and the pu( e r 
latter is, according to Semper, being, in some distorts, supe 
Se If^terility is the necessary condition of hybrid animals the 
same law should necessarily extend to plants. . Yet s ] ' 
cording to many observers, including the eminent 
Prof. Meehan, fertility is the rule and sterility the exeeptio . 
we return for a moment to animals we might well ask amo „ 
how many species has crossing been fairly attempte . 
must we forget that many animals in captivity, even it mrtUiea 
with their own species, either prove barren or, at least, do 
Pr0 O d nthe V ve“; nexfflage the author reproduces the threadbare 
objertion that “ the supporters of the theory have ; never s 
ceeded in observing a single instance, in all the milll0 ^ ° f ^ a 
invented (!) in its support, of one species of animal life turning 
into another.” Now, ex hypothesi, one species turns into anothe 
not rapidly and as in a transformation scene, but ^ success 
generations, each being born being a shade different , 
progenitors. Hence to observe such a change is y ™ 
the very terms of the question. Does Mr. Saville for . 
Herbert Spencer’s apologue of the ephemeron which had never 
witnessed the change of a child into a man ? V*^**™* 
porters of the theory have not for millions or even thousands 
of years had the opportunity of observing all species of animals, 
or even one species, with sufficient minuteness. Nor must we 
forget that within the historical ages no one has seen one breed 
of animal pass into another. Nor does the author ask himself 
or his readers whether anyone has ever seen a new species 0 
animal make its appearance by mechanical creation.. 
On the faith of Dr. Elam the author rejerts Organic Evolution 
as “an unverified theoretic conception.” Now all working 
naturalists know that the theory is constantly giving ven- 
cations,— that it accounts for and harmonizes farts which pre- 
viously were a mere desultory mass. In the same preface th 
author^ asserts that he has shown by quoting the ipsissima verba 
that all the scientific celebrities of the 19th century have rejerted 
the Evolution theory, either positively or mferentially. 
Now, Mr. Saville has forgotten that a scientific celebrity, who 
is not a special student of biology, can have on such a questio 
not the slightest claim to authority. Hence, with all due 
respert to their merits in other directions, we must .bow Prof. 
Max Muller, Clerk Maxwell, Phillips, Main, Chalks, Stokes, 
Tait &c., out of court. We must remember that Prof. Vnchow, 
though probably the first histrologist in the world, has not 
studied biology from that point of view requisite for judging 
