Chemical Elements 
1885.] 
381 
non-conduCtor raised in Aq, whose conduction is increased 
by the accession of chlorine.* 
Chlorine appears to exist through the whole system ; when 
some of these relations seem quite terrestrian, I have shown 
(ref.) that everything terrestrian is, as integral part of the 
system, thereby determined. 
Fractional differences arising in mutation may be com- 
pensated by complementary elements, and may therefore be 
realities, not errors, even if they could not be explained as 
tendencies of motion and otherwise. 
The atmosphere consists almost entirely of 0 and N ; the 
ocean of H and O ; C is met all through. The predominant 
elements indicate, by the order in which they follow, their 
quantitative connection with sea or land. The sea contains 
more Cl than Na, more Na than Mg, more Mg than Ca, 
more Ca than Ka, more Cl than S. The percentage in the 
solids is the reverse. Potassium is in the sea combined 
with Cl, but this Cl is only 1-41773 of the ocean; such 
part as solar gravity at the surface of the sea is of g ; Ka is 
I ^3546, as the mass of the sea is of that of the earth, &c. 
Ka is more of the land than of the sea. 
Sulphur connects ocean and land. A 1 and Si disappear 
in the sea. Si is the chief element in the shell; and Fe, 
not found in sea-water, presumably increases — together with 
Si, O, and S — in the inner earth. 
Sulphur, i 6‘I20 = 2O condensed ; the characteristic, 
0*013 x 2, of the 2O becomes by the distribution of one H 
or unity 1^8*78 (ref.) =o'H4, and S 16*114. Binoxide of 
H has a smell resembling that of ozone in formation, which 
reminds us of that of sulphur, which is that of the atmosphere 
after a stroke of lightning (!). 20 = 3S. 
We may construct Na by N + Aq = 23’2io, — 
Na : Cl = 1 : ^878 and N : Na= 1 : 1*65, the ( ^878) -f- 
-5-1*049 WO, 
meaning a decomposition of Cl into Na and C, — 
35*470-23*210= 12*260. 
Tertiary disturbances produce complementary elements, 
for instance, bromine =78392 about 3Na4- 0 = 77*943 ; then 
iodine =126*576; 5Na + AqH = 126*536 ; — 
N : Ka = Br : I = 1 : 1*65 = 1 : 1*724-1*049 (ref.). 
* This reminds of Oken in his “ Natural Philosophy.” I do not remember 
the exatft words : “ the sea becomes salted by the adtion of the sun.” 
