[December, 
704 The Interbond of the 
in contraposition to the Sun, was an effect produced by the 
general impetus given to it, — by a perpetual application of 
the forces producing rotary motion. Reasons follow why 
the mass should be igneous and why fluid, in accord with 
the general theory. 
The surface of the mass was gradually and imperceptibly 
relieved of its heat, and by shrinking and condensation the 
surfaces became united by an elastic coating ; eventually 
granite was developed, with surface uneven — made more so 
by catastrophic and volcanic eruptions owing to the pent-up 
interior heat. These eruptions caused immense valleys, 
containing seas of great depth. At this time almost the 
whole surface of the Earth was covered by water, by the 
action of which the rocky prominences were worn down. 
The water of that period was not composed of the same 
elements as it is now, because it was impossible for oxygen 
and hydrogen to have been developed in sufficient quantities 
in combination to produce these oceans. 
Oxygen composes a great part of the Earth’s crust. Ni- 
trogen greatly pervades Nature. Hydrogen is intermediately 
active in many substances. Fluorine is an ultimate of 
nitrogen and hydrogen in combined states. (Carbon in some 
forms, yet not so extensively as in other elements). There 
is not existing in Nature any composition which does not 
contain some or other of these elements, and it is impossible 
to find them totally disconnected. 
As to the possibility of dividing Matter into atoms — 
Matter, including its elements and principles, is joined by 
association : this shows the impossibility of reducing particles 
to their ultimate state of disconnection. 
“ There is a diversity in the attributes and motions of 
imponderable elements.” “ For ages these principles have 
been producing phenomena before the eyes of the world.” 
It is only now (April 29th, 1846) the dia-magnetic principle 
was discovered, — a great agent in cosmic relations. 
The atmosphere which enveloped the pulsing mass in 
specific gravity was not much less than that of water now 
existing. No substance yet formed contained elements 
which did not exist in the primitive formations : the first 
sedimental stratum followed as a sole consequence of the 
action of the waters against the ejected rocks, and neither 
in this nor in the previous formation are any Infusoria or 
marine polypi, so largely manifested in succeeding forma- 
tions. Thus granite and the sedimentary rocks may be 
considered as the primal coating of the igneous mass. 
Then follows the formation of different strata, fitting the 
