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race by the Flood, and might, if established on geological 
grounds, be adduced in corroboration of that particular in the 
Biblical narrative. According to this argument, the Mammoth 
species may be supposed to have become extinct by the Deluge, 
and from its contemporaneity with man, its comparatively 
recent sojourn on the earth ought to be inferred rather than 
man’s antiquity. 
Geologists have acknowledged that it is difficult to account 
for the fact that remains of animals have been found in 
localities far removed from their usual places of habitation, and 
where they could not actually have lived : for instance, bones 
of hippopotami have been dug up in districts where there are 
no lakes or rivers, and in northern latitudes far above the 
present limits of their habitation ; and remains of the reindeer 
have been met with in abundance in spots much more south- 
ward than any they ever reach now. Lyell proposes to account 
for these circumstances by a theory of the migratory habits of 
the animals. (Antiquity of Man, pp. 208,209.) It has occurred 
to me, that such a transfer from their usual localities might 
have resulted from the impulses of the vast waves of inundation 
that must have swept over the earth’s surface at the time of the 
Deluge, which would be likely to transport animal remains in 
various directions to spots more or less distant. 
With respect to the upper-level gravels and low-level gravels 
on the borders of the Somme, both containing hint implements, 
it has been thought that the interval between the deposition of 
the two gravels is to be measured by the time required for 
excavating the valleys to their present depth by river-action. 
It is, however, stated that neither the gravels nor the imple- 
ments at the two elevatious exhibit any considerable differences, 
and it has even been a matter of discussion among geologists 
which of the gravels is the most ancient. (See Lyell, Antiq. 
of Man, pp. 176, 177.) This being the case, the theory I have 
adopted leads to the supposition that the difference of level was 
caused by a local upheaval occurring at the Deluge epoch, 
when the features of the earth’s surface were in so many 
respects undergoing change. The same kind of local dis- 
turbance seems to account for caves being situated at an 
elevation considerably above the position they must have at 
first occupied, and perhaps, even for their formation and interior 
shape, inasmuch as “ engulfed rivers” have occasionally been 
found in them. The slow process of river-erosion would cer- 
tainly not account for such facts as these. 
The transport of Alpine boulders, or erratics, to a distance 
of fifty miles across the valley of Switzerland, “one of the 
