228 
so we may resolve the actions and motions which we are thus enabled to put 
into exercise to certain mechanical or any other laws ; still, we do not ap- 
proach any nearer to the solution of the great question — the connection 
between our spiritual and our material being. Just in the -same way the 
discovery of the laws, or the rules, or the inodes of operation, of certain por- 
tions of the material universe, or of certain persons residing upon that material 
universe, if we could resolve those motions or those actions, or even those 
mental operations, into their laws, and simplify or classify them, and our 
comprehension of them, by such discoveries, we should not touch the great 
question of the connection between the universe and the one Supreme mind 
and intelligence which directs and controls it. We need not, therefore, shrink 
from any result of science, which is engaged in classifying, simplifying, and 
explaining, either the operations of matter or the operations of mind. If we 
can resolve the phenomena of the mind into certain laws, and explain the 
connections between them, we do not lessen or alter the truth, that all these 
mental operations are the result of one mind. We may classify and describe 
mental operations, but that does not affect or alter the question, that those 
mental operations are the operations of one mind, just in the same way as all 
the operations and proceedings in the material universe itself, however much 
we may classify, simplify, or arrange them, are guided and arranged by one 
Supreme Being to work out His will. I have only said these few words 
because our Chairman called on me to speak. I heartily thank Mr. McDougall 
for his paper, for he has addressed himself to his subject in a manner which, 
to my mind, carries not only reasonable probability, but comfort and assurance. 
I am glad to find these great truths, which are dear to my mind and heart, 
stated ably and forcibly by one who does not shrink from placing them upon 
a scientific basis. (Cheers.) 
Mr. M. H. Habershon. — I cannot but admire the very close logic which 
characterizes Mr. McDougall’s paper, and the general way in which he has 
dealt with the subject must have commended itself to every one present. It 
occurs to me, however, that there was one omission from the paper, inasmuch 
as Mr. McDougall did not refer to animal life as well as to the spiritual life. 
I think an objector might possibly say, “ What about the intelligence mani- 
fested to a certain extent by the lower animals ? ” The life-characteristic of 
man, Mr. McDougall has shown, will continue, but what about the intelli- 
gence of the lower animals ? The paper needs something in anticipation of 
the objection which an unbeliever might raise in reference to its logic upon 
that point. 
Mr. W. Thorp. — Mr. McDougall’s able paper will be of great importance 
not only to the religious, but to the scientific world. But it seems to me that 
there is a difficulty, meeting us at the very outset, for which we aro entitled 
to demand an explanation, and that is, the connection between the attributes 
of matter and the particles said to constitute that matter. That map yonder 
is hung upon a nail which is driven into the wall. If you ask why the nail 
supports the weight, you will be told that it is in consequence of the cohesion 
