341 
his first paragraph the author says : “ It would not be easy to find a more de- 
tailed code of moral observances than the Institutes of Manu (unless, indeed, 
the Talmudic regulations of the Sephardian Jews maybe supposed to afford a 
parallel).” Now the Sephardian Jews have the same Talmud— I suppose he 
meant the Babylonian one— but I think it is rather hard, when Mr. Cooper 
compares them to the followers of Siva* In his 17 th paragraph, Mr. Cooper 
gi\ es it as one ot the attributes of Ra that “ he dwells in thick darkness*” 
The word “ darkness ” in the original is deprivation of light, and it struck 
me as very similar in sound to (’Araphel). 
The Chairman.— The same word, ’Araphel, is rendered “ gross darkness ” 
in our version of Isaiah. 
Mi. Drach. Then Mr. Cooper says in one of his notes : “ Again a Chris- 
tian parallel— 1 1 am the door of the sheep.’ ” Perhaps that is alluding to the 
Hebrew shepherd, who used to pass the sheep through a small door or wicket, 
and count them, in order to give tithe. The word for the setting of the sun 
in Hebrew is N13, which means also “ to come.” 
The Chairman.— Is not the same word used in Joshua, where it says : 
“ The sun hasted not to go down ” ? 
Mr. Drach. I am not sure. The word used there first is OH (be silent) ; 
and it is followed by -|»y (the moon stayed). 
Rev. Prebendary Row. — There is one passage to which I should like to 
call Dr. Thornton’s attention, where the author of the paper speaks of the 
incorporation of foreign gods into the Egyptian Pantheon, and among others, 
to my surprise, he mentions the introduction of Serapis by the Romans. I 
never heard of Serapis being mentioned as a Roman god.f In Gibbon’s his- 
tory there is a description of the destruction of the temple of Serapis through an 
outbreak in the city of Alexandria ; and there was a tradition that when the 
image of Serapis was destroyed the world would sink into nothing. The Chris- 
tians, headed by the bishop, had much difficulty in getting any” one to attack 
it As to the resurrection of the dead, the real question at issue is the nature 
of the resurrection, and whether it is a pantheistic resurrection or not. 
The preservation of mummies shows that the Egyptians did expect a revi- 
vification of some kind, but I think it was of a pantheistic character. After 
all, the knowledge of Egyptology is a very select affair— it is confined to 
very few, and we have to take a great deal upon trust— a thing which I am 
not much in the habit of doing. When we have brought before us a pyramid 
/ ^tended to compare the Jews with the Sivaites, but only to 
now that the same principle of excessive Ritualism was common both to 
“e An an and teemitic religions. — W. R. Cooper 
tonim ?u Serai f T lS introduced at Rome by the Emperor An- 
mnus Pius, A.D. 146, and the mysteries celebrated on the 6th of Mav ” 
— Lempnere. J ' 
2 A 2 
