126 
Kanana, and Mr. G. Smith has met with Kanunai in Babylonia.* * * § 
But it is nowhere said that Canaan was the original name of 
the land. The Canaanites seem to have migrated from the 
shores of the Persian Gulf. Canaan was the son of Ham. 
(Kham), and the land of Canaan lay next to the land of Kham, 
and became its most formidable rival and conqueror. 
62. But Egypt was a great full-grown power splendidly 
civilized, and the pressure came on it not as an organized 
military invasion, but a gradual pacific migration ; not a 
deluge, but a stealthily rising tide. 
63. It was not likely that any tribe of' the sons of men, 
Amu, Shasu, Sakti, or whosoever, should stay in Palestine 
without trying to “ go down into Egypt.” Canaan was a 
highway to Egypt. The Delta was as an antechamber 
thronged by motley company. The strong chain of fortresses 
built by Amenemha I., with its connecting wall to keep out the 
marauding hordes on the north-east, had not been effectual in 
reality. Whether it were before or after Abram’s visit to 
Egypt that the rule of the Hyksos Pharaohs was established 
in Lower Egypt, at all events we may believe that the power 
represented by those sovereigns had already strongly developed 
itself, and was dominant, perhaps, in fact, if not in form. Zoan 
had been built seven years after Hebron (Khebron), and pre- 
sumably by the same builders. One of its names is identical 
with that of Tyre.f Statues of Amenemha I. and Osortasen I. 
have been found there by Mariette-Bey,J and even an inscrip- 
tion with the name and titles of Pepi Merira of the Yltli 
dynasty. These may indicate that Zoan was built and earned 
on as a commercial settlement with the good-will of these 
strong monarchs, “ from whose limits of government we 
should perhaps except (says Brugsch-Bey) the parts of the 
Delta on the eastward side on the shores of the Lake Menzaleli, 
inhabited by a mixed race of Egyptians and Semitic dwellers, 
Avhose influence soon prevailed in a manner so disastrous to 
the Pharaohs and their country.” § 
64. It is interesting to notice that in the time of the XHth 
dynasty seal-cylinders of the Babylonian fashion began to bo 
used in Egypt. || 
* Chaldcean Gen., 296. Eponym. Can., 67. 
t Brugsch, Histoire, 134-148. L'Exode, 21. 
% Maspero, Hist. Anc., 126. 
§ Hist., 69. 
jj Birch, Cat. Eg. Rooms B. M., 74. “ There is a cylinder of the time of 
Papi of the VI. dynasty.” Note by Dr. Haigh. 
