137 
queror, Kudur-nankhundi (or Kudur-nakhkhunte), “ laid his 
hands on the temples of Akkad and oppressed Akkad/ 7 
B.C. 2280. In fact, these highlanders of Elam, whence the 
Akkadians themselves had sprung, continually hung over 
Babylonia, much as the Hittites and Amorites menaced 
Egypt. Yet the only scrap of history which, till very lately, 
recorded any hint of this important early power in the 
world, was the sketch of Kedorlaomer’s campaigns in the 
14th chapter of Genesis. 
119. Now, however, we have much more light, Kudur- 
Mabuk, son of Simti-silkhalc, in his inscriptions shows that 
he claimed the rule from Elam to Syria. Sir Henry Raw- 
linson considered it possible that this king was identical with 
Kedorlaomer.* Afterwards he seemed shaken, but wrote 
that “ the progress of cuneiform discovery has increased the 
probability that the two kings were of cognate races, and 
nearly contemporaneous/ 7 
120. In the second edition of his Five Great Monarchies , 
Canon Rawlinson makes Ivudur-Mabuk another and later 
king than Kedorlaomer. But I cannot help thinking that 
after all Sir Henry’s guess may be correct. 
121. I am aware that the lamented George Smith did not 
assign an earlier probable date than about B.C. 1600 to 
Kndui’-Mabuk; but he himself, in his Notes on the Early 
History of Babylonia, drew attention to the remarkable fact 
that a son and viceroy of Kudur-Mabuk bore a name which 
may be read as Eriaku, a name almost (or quite) identical 
with Arioch, king of Ellasar, one of the allies of Kedor- 
laomer. 
122. In his very able work La Langue Primitive de la 
Chaldee, M. Lenormant has entered into this interesting 
question, agreeing in the identity of Eriaku with Arioch, 
and of Ellasar with Larsa, which was the seat of his rule ; 
but he thinks that Kedorlaomer was a successor, perhaps the 
immediate successor, of Kudur-Mabuk. 
123. Still, I cannot see any decisive reason why they may 
not be identical, for, as to the name, it is remarkable that a 
king of Elam of much later date, Kudur-nakhkhunte, son of 
Sutruk-nakhkhunte, calls himself “the servant of Lagamer”t 
as a title of honour. 
124. Why should not Kudur-Mabuk have done the same ? 
M. Lenormant has noticed a double name, Nabu-nadu and 
'* Her., i. 354. 
t T. S. B. A., iii. 479. 
