more systematic and established. But it does not appear, so far as I can see, 
that the indications of religion we find amongst the Accadian monuments, 
point to a higher form of religion, but rather the reverse. It was said that 
the earlier religion, as represented by the Accadians, was rather a worship of 
elemental forms, than a more developed astro-theology ; and that elemental 
worship was more corrupt, generally speaking, than the -worship of the 
heavenly bodies. It is an interesting point to consider how far the earlier 
religious rites amongst the Accadians represent a nearer approach to, or 
deviation from, the principle of a purer worship. There is an interesting 
point with regard to the invasion of Chedorla’omar to which it may be worth 
while to draw attention also. I find in Menant’s account of Babylon, that he 
quotes the record in regard to the king Kudur-Nakhunte. (Menant, Babylon e 
et la Chaldee, p. 55.) There seem to be three records, each of them giving 
a date at which the Elamites made their invasion which may possibly be the 
same as that referred to in Gen. xiv. 1. These three records agree in a rather 
remarkable manner. The record is given in the account of the exploits of 
Assurbanipal, about 649 B.C., and the three records in different ways state 
this invasion and the great power of the Elamites to have been 1635 years 
before. Two of the records seem to have agreed upon the date 1635, and 
the other gives 1535. If you add that to 649, you get somewhere near 
2300 B.C. for this great invasion of the Elamites. It is, however, very 
difficult to assign the year to any known era ; and therefore the figures 
representing the date must be accepted with reserve. At any rate we have 
a very early Elamite invasion like that with which the name of Chedorlaomar is 
connected in Scripture. It is said in the paper just read that the Accadians 
still earlier oame from the same place as the Elamites, and I think they were 
also of the same race. 
Mr. Tomkins. — I said they were Turanians. 
Dr. Currey. — And that they came from the same quarter? 
Mr. Tomkins. — Yes. 
Dr. Currey. — The Turanians were of Japhet, and the Elamites from Ham 
or Ham-Cushite, so far as is known. It is mentioned in regard to the Tura- 
nians, — an extraordinary people, amongst whom the earlier civilization, certainly 
in the plains of Mesopotamia, seems to have spread very widely, — that they 
scattered themselves very much over the earth ; and I recollect, on a former 
occasion, at one of the meetings here, the Rev. Isaac Taylor gave us some 
curious dice which he conceived to be representative of certain members of 
the Turanian race, represented by the Finns. How far this race spread is not 
known ; but it is remarkable that in Italy there remain evidences that the 
earlier inhabitants came from the far cast. Amongst their rites is that of 
divination by the inspection of the liver. And the like is described by Ezekiel, 
who speaks of the king Nebuchadnezzar looking into a liver. Thus we get 
in this country which the Turanians once occupied this very rite practised 
by the king of Babylon. No doubt considerable traces were left in the 
cuneiform characters. The character was borrowed from the Turanians. If 
this was the case in regard to the Turanians, on the other hand, their religion 
