213 
shares with the lower animals. With these he has sufficient 
relationship to enforce upon him the law of kindness — the 
avoidance of the infliction of unnecessary pain, and of that 
love of cruelty which mai*ks the worst type of humanity. 
Burns, in his admirable “Address to a Field Mouse, on 
turning her up in her nest with the plough, Nov., 1785,” 
shows how these things strike a noble and generous mind : — 
“ I’m truly sorry man’s dominion 
Has broken Nature’s social union, 
An’ justifies that ill opinion 
Which makes thee startle 
At me, thy poor earth-born companion 
An’ fellow mortal,” &c. 
Man’s Place in Creation. 
For those who reject the teaching of Scripture, there is no 
common ground on which believers in its authority can discuss 
the questions on which we now enter. Those who receive it 
have an inestimable advantage in securing a distinct standpoint 
from whence they may proceed to investigate (as far as majr be) 
the nature of which they are partakers ; and which they find 
by experience differs so widely from that of brutes. 
This distinction is specially, and above all things, to be 
traced in the pneumatic nature of man. In the animal and 
psychical nature, he has much in common with the lower 
orders of creation, but he stands entirely alone in the highest, 
and therefore the most chai’acteristic attribute of his nature. 
He is not only a separate species, but he must have required 
a separate act of creation, placing him at an infinite distance 
above the rest of the works of God. 
According to the book of Genesis,* Elohim created Adam 
(“ the human race,” Dixn nx) in His image, in the image 
of Elohim created He him, male and female created He them. 
And Elohim blessed them, and Elohim said unto them, “Be 
fruitful and multiply, and replenish the earth and subdue it, and 
have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the 
air, and over every living thing that moveth upon the earth.” 
According to Jewish commentators, — “When organized 
nature is called into existence, the words used are, f let the earth 
shoot forth/ ‘ let the waters teem/ * let the earth bring forth ’ ; 
but when man, an intellectual being, composed of spirit as 
well as matter, is to be created, it is no longer earth or water 
which are directed to bring forth ; but the concentration of all 
powers, Elohim, exclaims, We will malce man .” f 
* Gen. i. 27. 
t De Sola, Genesis , p. 4. 
