346 
10. The fastenings were strong on the left and right. 
11. In its mass (i. e. the lower chaos) he made a boiling, 
12. the god Urn (the moon) he caused to rise out, the night he overshadowed, 
13. to fix it also for the light of the night, until the shining of the day, 
14. That the month might not be broken, and in its amount be regular. 
15. At the beginning of the month, at the rising of the night, 
16. his horns are breaking through to shine on the heaven. 
17. On the seventh day to a circle he begins to swell. (Ibid., p. 69.) 
It is remarkable that, according to the Chaldeans, the god 
who created the starry heavens, or the moon under his direc- 
tion, appointed four Sabbaths in every lunar month, but 
while the original Sabbatic observance was retained, the 
primitive tradition of the creation was forgotten, and the name 
of the Creator was lost. An invaluable translation of tablets 
of Chaldean astronomy, by the Rev. Professor Sayce, pub- 
lished in the Transactions of the Society of Biblical Archaeology, 
contains a note frequently repeated : <c The moon a rest; on 
the seventh day, the fourteenth day, the twenty-first day, the 
twenty-eighth day causes .” (Trans. Soc. Bib. Arc., in. pp. 145, 
207, 213, 313.) Here, again, there is no recognition of the 
True God. The moon is keeper of the months. The moon 
by his own virtue causes rest. He it is that signals the day of 
rest. He causes the Sulum, peace and comfort. He, the 
moon, is father of the sun. So did these gods, from the dark 
womb of chaos, gain increase of strength and glory by deve- 
lopment through successive generations. 
From those fragments of creation-tablets Mr. Smith elabo- 
rated a sketch of the Chaldean tlieogony, so far as it could 
be gathered, and he tabulated the result of a very close exami- 
nation, which may be found in his Chaldean Account of 
Genesis (pp. 60, 64 — 66). First of all Tavtu (the sea) and 
Absu (the deep) appear side by side, as the primordial 
elements of the universe. These might seem to be the same 
at the inn and inn of Genesis, if it were not that the chaos 
of the Greek, instead of being the world in a state of empti- 
ness and confusion, is confusion itself. The Chaldeans made 
of it a distinct thing, born, as it were, of the other two, callod 
in the tablet Mummu, explained by chaos, and thought to be 
equivalent with nEirra, if such a word is to be found in 
Hebrew or Chaldee, which may be doubted. However, out 
of Mummu come Lahma ( force or growth) and Lahama, which 
may be feminine of Lahm ; and from theso two, whether prin- 
ciples or persons, proceed Kizar (the lower expanse), and Sar 
(the upper expanse). How soa and deep came into existence 
is not said, nor how they produced confusion, nor how con- 
fusion produced the two expanses, nor what is meant by the 
