ORDINARY MEETING, April 7, 1879. 
The Rev. R. Thornton, D.D., Vice-President, in the Chair. 
The minutes of the last meeting were read and confirmed, and the 
following elections were announced : — 
Associates : — Rev. D. Fotheringham, London ; Rev. R. Lamplough, South 
Africa ; Rev. P. Tearle, South Africa ; J. C. Pinkerton, Esq., South 
Africa. 
Also the presentation of the following Works for the Library : — 
“ Proceedings of the Royal Society.” From the same. 
“ Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society.” Ditto. 
“ Warwickshire Natural History Society Report, 1878.” Ditto. 
“ Genesis and Migration of Plants.” By Dr. Dawson, F.R.S. Ditto. 
“ Everlasting Punishment.” By Mrs. McLaughlin. Ditto. 
The following paper was then read by the author, who, owing to indispo- 
sition, was assisted by the Rev. T. M. Gorman : — 
THE CONTEMPORANEITY OF MAN WITH THE 
EXTINCT MAMMALIA , AS TAUGHT BY RECENT 
CAVERN- EXPLORATION, AND ITS BEARING 
UPON THE QUESTION OF MANS ANTIQUITY. 
By Thos. Karr Callard, F.G.S. 
I N the paper that I am about to read to you to-night I will 
confine my attention exclusively to British caverns, because 
they have had the advantage of more careful and scientific 
exploration than any others. 
The senior members of the Victoria Institute may remember 
the interest that was excited in 1821 by the accidental discovery 
of a cavern in Kirkdale, Yorkshire, containing unusual animal 
remains ; but especially those of the hyaena. The exploration 
was conducted by Dr. Buckland, afterwards Dean of West- 
minster, a geologist of much celebrity. In one cavern he found 
remains of as many as seventy-five hyaenas. How was this to 
be accounted for ? Had the explorer come across an ancient 
