menagerie, or were these the animals which in former days 
roamed over the wolds of Yorkshire? 
The interest belonging to this discovery had not died out, 
when it was announced that at Torquay, in Devonshire, similar 
remains had been found in Kent’s Cavern beneath a stalagmite 
flooring. This Devonshire cavern had been frequented by pic- 
nic parties for some centuries past, but it was not till 1825 that 
any one knew what was beneath the stalagmite. From that 
time until 1840 the Devonshire naturalists were every now and 
then surprised by having some strange bone or unusual tooth 
brought under their notice. These relics were dug up by Mr. 
McEnery, a Roman Catholic priest, to whom this cavern had 
become a favourite place of research. 
In 1840 the cave was explored with more system by Mr. 
Godwin Austen, who identified the remains of the hyaena, the 
bear, the woolly rhinoceros, and the mammoth. These re- 
markable remains, now well authenticated, made the naturalist 
still more eager for fresh exploration, an opportunity for which 
again presented itself by the discovery, in 1858, of another cavern 
in the face of a limestone hill overhanging the little harbour of 
Brixham. 
Cavern-research had now become of sufficient importance to 
be taken up by the Royal and the Geological Societies. 
These societies appointed a committee from amongst their 
number to systematically explore this cavern at Brixham, 
and to determine the species of animal to which each bone 
belonged that should be found therein. The same arrange- 
ment was also come to for the exploration of Kent’s Cavern. 
The committee numbered amongst them some of the leading 
geologists and palaeontologists of the day. And the superin- 
tendent appointed was Mr. William Pengelly, F.R.S., now so 
well known for his untiring labours in cavern-research. The 
work was no sinecure, for when Professor Dawkins went to 
Kent’s Cavern to determine the bones, there were no less than 
50,000 labelled and set aside for examination, with a complete 
record of the exact spot where each bone was found. 
Not only did the explorers find the bones and teeth of animals 
that had not lived in this country within the memory of man, 
but also those of animals supposed to have been extinct long 
before man’s creation. They also met with the remains of 
animals now found only amongst the snows of the North, 
mingled with those whose habitat is the sunny South. 
Whilst these cavern revelations were being made in England, 
at Abbeville and Amiens, in Piccardy, bones of some of the 
same extinct mammalia, notably those of the mammoth and the 
Siberian rhinoceros, were being dug out of the gravel-beds of 
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