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Palaeolithic implements. To make a hog-manecl horse you must 
clip the mane, and this suggests a pair of shears, which, as far as 
I know, are always made of metal ; and until Mr. Mello or Prof. 
Dawkins find some stone shears I shall certainly believe that these 
hog-maned horses lived not in the Palaeolithic, but in the metal 
age. I quite agree with what Professor Dawkins says about the 
careful drawing of the nostrils, and mouth and neck, and that 
the whole is well done, so well done that its very excellence is 
an a priori argument that Palaeolithic man did not do it. 
I am then quite prepared to accept the proof afforded by 
Creswell Caves of the contemporaneity of man with the extinct 
Mammalia — but not of palaeolithic man. 
I know that it has always been assumed that Rhinoceros 
tichorinus and mammoth became extinct at so remote a period 
that any remains of man found with them are at once pro- 
nounced paleolithic. Mr. Mello and Prof. Dawkins always 
speak of the Creswell Cave men as paleolithic on that account. 
And Mr. Pengelly says, “ Whilst a geologist would hesitate to 
pronounce a deposit of paleolithic age, merely because he 
had found in it a solitary unpolished flint implement, his 
hesitation would vanish in a moment if he also detected a 
relic of the cave-bear or woolly rhinoceros, or any other extinct 
mammal.* Mr. Skertchley places the Paleolithic fauna prior 
to the formation of the English Channel, and at the time when 
the German Ocean was a fertile plain. 
When, therefore, the remains of man are found with these 
extinct mammals, the antiquity of man is accepted as a matter 
of course. 
Now the remote date at which Rhinoceros tichorinus , mam- 
moth, and the cave-bear became extinct is one of those sup- 
posed facts that it would be more in accordance with science to 
prove rather than to assume. 
It must also be remembered, that when the geologist speaks 
of the antiquity of man he does not mean what would be meant 
by the Egyptologist by that term. Chevalier Bunsen claimed 
for the human period 20,000 years, but the geologist is thought 
very moderate who asks for 200,000. 
There is a tooth of Rhinoceros tichorinus on the table, and 
also one of mammoth ; they both came from the caves under 
consideration. 
I do not know how long such teeth will last, but certainly 
there is nothing in their appearance that would lead me to say 
that they are 200,000 years old, or older than the English 
Channel or the German Ocean. 
* The Flint and Chert Implements in Kent Cavern, p. 31. 
