X 
PREFACE. 
Causation.” Of Mr. J. E. Howard’s, F.R.S., two papers, 
that on “Scientific Facts and the Caves of South Devon” 
has much interest for those who have watched the geolo- 
gical inquiry it refers to. The Right Honourable the Lord 
O’Neill takes for his subject “ Some Considerations on 
the Action of Will in the Formation and Regulation of 
the Universe, being an Examination and Refutation of 
certain Arguments against the existence of a personal 
conscious Deity,” and deals with it in a manner the force 
of which all will recognise. In a paper on “Pliocene 
Man in America,” written at about the time that Professor 
Virchow and Dr. J. Evans, F.R.S. (at the Lisbon Meeting 
of the Berlin Anthropological Society), declared the dis- 
covered evidences of the existence of tertiary man to be 
wholly unreliable, Dr. Southall (United States) proves 
that the same may be said as regards certain alleged 
remains in the “Pliocene” in America; his remarks are 
supplemented by valuable communications from his Grace 
the Duke of Argyll, H.G.; Professor W. Boyd Dawkins, 
F.R.S. ; Principal and Vice-Chancellor J. W. Dawson, 
C.M.G., LL.D., F.R.S. ; Professor T. McK. Hughes, M.A. 
(Woodwardian Professor of Geology at Cambridge), and 
others. The volume also contains papers by the Rev. H. G. 
Tomkins, M.A., and the (late) Rev. J. P. Thompson, D.D., 
LL.D. (United States). To these, and to others, at home 
and abroad, who have contributed to the success of the 
Institute’s work, the best thanks of the Members and 
Associates are due. The volume closes with an account 
of the Gunning Natural Science Scholarships. 
During the year 1881 the increased circulation of the Journal, 
and the steady development of the Institute, both at home 
and abroad, have been marked ; and in America its members, 
whilst retaining their individual connection with the Institute, 
