90 
Hyksos in the war of liberation, and by others of the same 
family attached to the native Egyptian patriot-princes. But 
Baba is a Typhonian name * of as ill omen to a pure Egyptian 
mind as Apap, the evil serpent, or Seti, or Pet-Ba'al. We 
may notice that the name *02, Bebai, occurs in the lists in 
the books of Ezra and Nehemiah among Hebrew names. 
Baba, or Beb, is a Typhonian evil genius in the Ritual. 
While we are on these Eastern words, I will say a few words 
on the curious Egyptian names reported to have been borne 
by Joseph and by Moses. 
Chgeremon, quoted by Josephus, tells us that Joseph had 
the Egyptian name of Petesejph (Il£r£<7r/0),t and Manethof 
says that Osarsiph (’O crape lQ) was the original Egyptian name 
of Moses, and that it was derived “from Osiris, who was the 
god of Heliopolis.” 
Now I think these names may be well explained from Egyp- 
tian sources. The latter syllable (-seph) is common to the 
two names, Peteseph and Osarsiph ; it is also the latter syllable 
of the name Joseph. An Egyptian would not be aware of the 
significance of the Hebrew name Joseph, but would take 
notice of the sound, and might well fashion an Egyptian name 
accordingly. Now the Heliopolitan name Peti-pa-ra, as well 
as the earlier Pet-Ba'al, and the like, would suggest the obvious 
and easy manufacture of an Egyptian name for Joseph in the 
form Pet- Seph. This would be a very appropriate name in 
the ears of those accustomed to regard Sep or Sap as the 
especial god of the very region from which Joseph came ; for 
this deity “is a form of Osiris or Homs, - ” says Dr. Birch, § 
“ principally adored in the Egyptian possessions in Arabia, 
where he is called f Lord of the East/ He is supposed to be 
the entire Osiris before his destruction by Typhon, and is 
called in the texts of the tablets c the greatest of the spirits 
of Heliopolis/ ” So that to the Heliopolitans Peti-Sep would 
be as appropriate a name for Joseph as Pet-pa-Ra (that is, 
the gift of Ra, Heliodorus in Greek) was for his father-in-law. 
I may add that the name of this god, Sep or Sap, was familiar 
in earlier times than those of the Hyksos kings as “ lord of 
the land of the Sati or eastern foreigners,” for he is “ figured 
on a stone tablet of the time of Osortasen II. found at the 
temple of Wady Gasoos in the desert near Kossayr.”|| 
Now, to turn to the name Osarsiph borne by Moses. It is 
* Ebers, AEg., & c. 249. Pierret, Vocab. 123, 126 ; id. Did. cVArcli. 80. 
f Contra Apion. I. 32. J Ibid. I. 26, 29. 
§ Wilkinson, Anc. Egyptians , III. 234. [| Ibid. PI. lvi. fig. 2. 
