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what is meant by modern usage. ‘On the staff of the general’ means 
attached to his authority, and the symbol is the baton carried by a field- 
marshal, the sign of his great authority being attached to the top of the 
baton in the form of the crown worn by his sovereign. (Hear, hear.) 
Therefore you must see you have an expression at the present day parallel 
to that used at the time of Joseph, and I ask why should not the bowing 
down to the top of his staff refer to the homage rendered to the vice-regal 
authority vested in Joseph ? ” M. Naville goes on to say : — 
“ The other day I came across a picture which reminded me strongly of 
Joseph and his employment. It is in Lepsius, Denkm. iii. 76 and 77, and 
Prisse Monuments, pi. 39-42. It has been taken from a tomb. There you 
see the King Amenophis III. sitting on his throne, and before him one of 
his ministers, Chaemha, 
W ^° seems t0 ^ ave ^ad a 
a i 
very high position — 
I was looking at this in the British Museum library the other day, and it 
is a most interesting tableau, representing all the people present, except the 
one great officer, bowing down with hands on their breasts, some of them 
actually flat down, licking the dust, and the others according to their several 
ranks, in different degrees of abasement ; but the one great functionary, 
who may be likened to J oseph, is standing upright like a man, and there is 
an officer — some master of the ceremonies— engaged in fastening a royal 
collar of gold, the gift of the king, round the great officer’s neck, just as the 
collar was put round the neck of Joseph. M. Naville proceeds thus : — 
“ He is called The chief of the granaries of the ivhole kingdom. Be- 
hind him are a great number of officials of different classes, bringing the 
tribute of the whole land. This man seems to have had nobody above 
him, as he speaks to the king himself, and he had under his command 
all the tax-gatherers and all that concerned the granaries. Besides he has 
this strange title, The eyes of the king in the towns of the south, and his ears 
in the provinces of the north ; which implies that he knew the land perfectly ; 
and that, like Joseph, ‘he had gone throughout all the land of Egypt,’ 
(Gen. xli. 46). I think Brugsch mentions Chaemha in his history, but I do not 
remember whether he points to his resemblance with Joseph,* which I 
find particularly striking, considering that J oseph seems to have been a 
purely civil officer, and to have had nothing to do with the military class, 
which, however, must have been powerful under Apophis, who had wars 
during his reign. 
“How very Egyptian verse 49 of the same chapter, compare line 11 of the 
great tablet of Abu Simbel : ‘ I will give thee corn in abundance, to 
enrich Egypt in all times ; the wheat is like the sand of the shore ; the 
granaries reach the sky, and the heaps are like mountains.’ 
* No. See Hist. i. 437.— H. G. T. 
