and tliafc sin went on working underneath the surface, present 
in every part of the long line of all the generations of men. 
Or, to take another illustration. He is like one weaving a 
thread of varied strands, who ‘by sleight of hand has obtained 
one strand to which he has no just right, and then having it, 
keeps working onward, ever taking more, and so produces 
his thread with the one strand which everybody knows has 
no right to be there. So Mr. Spencer, being engaged in 
developing solar rays, has seized this thread of Mind ; he then 
skilfully contrives to wind solar rays and Mind together, 
until at length he reaches molluscs, and he still continues 
the process until, lo and behold ! out of the first patch of 
star- dust we have evolved the powers of a Shakspeare ! 
His logical sin is, therefore, one of the most dangerous and 
most unpardonable kind, for it is one which is ever secretly 
repeated, and ever on a larger scale, — he has embezzled some 
Mind, and he goes on purloining until he has done his best 
to construct a universe without an Intelligent Creator. 
Thus along every part of the far-extending generalisation 
which stretches from the humblest organic form right through 
the whole of animated nature, until it finds its completion in 
Man, and in the highest powers of the highest man, 
Mr. Spencer has contrived, in this illogical fashion, to put 
that element of Mind to which he has no conceivable right. 
His long line of circumvallation is manned by men whom he 
has stolen, one by one as he needed them, from the opposite 
ranks. Solar rays acting on extended and solid molecules 
of the Matter of which nervous fibres are made, can indi- 
rectly build up that Matter {i.e., they give the Matter 
energy to build up itself), but they can never build up the 
Mind which rides upon or dwells within those molecules. 
If Eozoa are declared to be sentient, we can only attribute 
such sentiency to a low kind of Mind, which dwells 
within them, and we refuse as resolutely as ever to regard 
that Mind as only the synonym of a nervous change. With 
them, as with us. Mind rides upon the nervous changes, 
is correlated with those changes, but it is separated from 
them by the whole diameter of being. And as the line of 
evolution is carried on by Mr. Spencer from Eozoa up to higher 
organisms, at each step of the process, as the nervous matter 
is developed, he quietly talies for gra.nted that Mind develops 
along with it. Having once crossed 'per salturu the chasm 
between the inorganic and the organic, he steadily continues 
moving on these forbidden paths until the exigencies of his 
argument, as we shall see, force him to a further unwarranted 
leap. And as he shows nervous matter developing at an ever 
