143 
scriptions (Mfcherfco read Kliammat and confused with Amat 
Hamath). A very important nation they were in the days 
of Shalmaneser who links them with the Kings of the 
Hittites/"’* under their king, Irkhulina, in a great league 
with Benhadad against the Assyrians, who defeated them 
with terrible slauo'hter at Karkar. 
O 
This agrees very well with the mention of all the cities 
of the Khivvites with Sidon and Tyre. But I must not 
attempt to go through all the coincidences of Scripture with 
the monuments as regards the races of Canaan and Syria. 
I will only mention the name Mat-amim in the travels of the 
Mohar, a well-known story of an Egyptian scribe. For Mat- 
amim would simply mean land of the Emim. 
Some Babylonian and Assyrian Names. 
And now we must turn to Babylonia and Assyria, whence 
most important results have been already obtained in the 
elucidation alike of very early and late names in the Old 
Testament. 
Akkadian, Sumerian, Kassite, Elamite names on the one 
hand, and Semitic names on the other, have enabled us^ to 
verify the historic data of Scripture to an extent quite un- 
expected and surprising. Thus we have Babel, and Erech, 
and Akkad, and Kalneh, and Ur, in the records from the 
earliest times. For the name Nimrod we have more than one 
derivation. Professor Sayce and M. Grivel give the Akkadian 
Namar-ud, illumination of the sun (which by no means ex- 
cludes his human status by the divine solar title), and Dr. 
Friedrich Delitzsch has lately suggested the possible al- 
ternative of Nu-Maradj ^^Man, or hero, of Marad,^^J a very 
ancient ChaldaDan city. This distinguished Assyriologist has 
treated very carefully the subject of these local names in 
his new work. Wo lag das Faradies ? M. Lenormant will 
doubtless deal with them in the next volume of his newly - 
cast History of tUe East ; and those who do not seek informa- 
tion beyond our own language, will find much in George 
SmitUs very useful History of Babylonia, edited by Pro- 
fessor Sayce, and in the Chaldcean Genesis, and also in the 
volumes of Records of the Past. 
One of the most striking points in this non-Semitic lore is 
the occurrence of the Elamite name of Kudur-lagamar, with 
* Bee. iii. 99 ; v. 32. 
t 2 Sam., xxiv. 7. 
12 
X Faradies, 220. 
