54 
many exotics which flourish in gardens do not become wild. 
A few, however, do thus spread; these become both naturalised 
and acclimatised. Tropical plants refuse to live in a temperate 
climate. Certain animals have greater adaptability. The 
tiger ranges from the equator to the Amoor and isothermal 
line 32 deg. F. ; the mountain sparrow (passer montana ) in- 
habits Singapore, Java, and a great part of Europe. Horses, 
wolves, foxes, and other quadrupeds, have a similar climatic 
range; so among birds, particularly aquatic birds, waders and 
several others. Insects are adapted to a very limited range of 
climate.* 
36. With regard to man, the subject of acclimatisation is beset 
by difficulties. Here are a few. The American race inhabits 
alike the parts around Hudson's Bay, and the hottest parts 
of the tropics, the equatorial valleys and lofty plateaux of the 
Andes. The African of the third or fourth generation in 
North America, who proceeds to Africa, suffers from the 
diseases peculiar to the latter climate as does the European. 
There are theorists who say that the excessive mortality of 
British troops and British children in India does not affect the 
general question. I take leave to say that it does so in a very 
important degree. There is, however, the indisputable fact 
that white Jews at Cochin have for many generations propa- 
gated their kind, and still remain pure in race as when, by 
their own tradition, they fled from Syria, a.d. 70.f In 
Southern Africa the Dutch have, during 200 years, thriven 
without intermixture of native blood ; similarly have they 
flourished in the Malaccas for 250 years. In the Aus- 
tralian colonies, and in America, our own countrymen 
flourish. But in India, so far as regards the plains, ex- 
perience is adverse to a similar prospect for the British race. 
37. From the particulars now given — and very many more 
pointing in the same direction might readily be adduced — the 
grounds are, I trust, rendered apparent upon which I base my 
conviction that, inasmuch as the phenomena of organic exist- 
ences, including development, growth, fructification, decay, 
are in relation to, and to a great degree determined by, 
climatic, seasonal, and other conditions incidental to parti- 
cular localities, — so, in respect to man, development, health, 
functions, disease, death are similarly necessary results 
of the same conditions as they affect him. To a certain 
* Encyclopedia Britamiica, Art. “ Acclimatisation. 5 ’ 
+ That is when Jerusalem was captured and sacked by Titus. According 
to another account the Jews of Cochin settled there in the first year of the 
Christian era. In 1875 their number amounted to only 1,278 persons. 
