30 
should be fully discussed, and certainly of the greatest advantage to it that it 
should be as severely criticised as possible. No one can have any interest in 
accepting what will not stand criticism ; and I have no doubt whatever, that 
as regards anything requiring a reply in what Mr. Warington has advanced, 
Mr. Hopkins will be prepared with that reply, or if not, he will acknowledge 
that Mr. Warington has so far refuted his propositions. 
The Meeting was then adjourned. 
REPLY BY MB. HOPKINS. 
I much regret that a severe illness prevented me from attending the 
meeting to enable me to reply personally to Mr. Warington’s remarks on my 
paper. I trust, however, that the following observations will suffice to clear 
up some of the obscurities referred to, and also to remove the misappre- 
hensions under which Mr. Warington appears to be labouring. I was some 
what surprised at Mr. Warington’s difficulty in commencing his observations. 
He could not see how a right-angled triangle having an angle of 23* be- 
tween the hypothenuse and base, would give a ratio of 50 for the hypo- 
thenuse to 20 for the ' perpendicular. I hope he has since seen that this is 
correct, as it can be easily proved to be so, and I consider it therefore 
unnecessary to take further notice of it. In discussing the arguments 
brought forward in the paper, to prove that the surface of the globe has 
a motion which shifts the lands from south to north, it is necessary that 
we should keep our minds entirely free from all preconceived ideas an 
restrict our thoughts to the observed conditions or ascertained facts. 
Now, in examining the lands, we have discovered two primary tacts : 
Istly, that the lands are subject to constant changes ; and 2ndly, astrono- 
mical observations have proved that there is an annual change in a given 
direction equal to 50". During the last 2,140 years Alexandria has moved 
30° towards the N.W., and has advanced in the same tune 12 m lati- 
tude north. This is the total amount of the movement founded on actual 
observations. As this movement is found to be constantly going on at the 
same rate and the same direction, we may naturally conclude that it has been 
goino- on since the days of the creation. Such a superficial movement 
cannot take place without changing the latitudes and the climates of the 
shifting lands. Mr. Warington admits the fact “that the latitude ha 
altered to the extent stated;” but he endeavours to maintain that the 
alteration of latitude does not involve a change of climate.” Mr. Warington 
remarks, “ Granted that the latitudes of Greenland, of England, of Aus- 
tralia, have varied to the extent that he (Mr. Hopkins) says they ave, an 
I am quite prepared to admit it ; still this does not involve the change ot 
climate. The latitude has moved, but the climate, we have no ground for 
