the direction or to the extent he wishes ns to believe, con- 
trary to every instance he himself has adduced. His analogy 
of artificial selection by man in the breeding of pigeons, &c., 
is only another of his illogical efforts that even his own facts 
refute. For we know that all artificial breeds of pig’eons 01 
rabbits become very soon extinguished by reversion to their 
common type, when left to themselves and to nature. 
Mr. Warington tries to obliterate the peculiarities we know 
as regards species, although in another place he admits specific 
differences at the present time to be constant and inherent. 
And as regards his belief in new species being developed 
progressively and upwards from lower to higher forms ; be- 
cause, perhaps, the lower forms, like those that now occupy 
the bottom of the ocean, are generally found embedded in 
strata below fishes that swim, and animals that live on the 
land •; — I must quote from Professor Huxley's address to the 
Geological Society in 1862 : — 
Obviously [he says,] if the earliest fossiliferous rocks now known are 
coeval with the commencement of life, and if their contents give us any just 
conception of the nature and extent of the earliest fauna and flora, the insig- 
nificant amount of modification which can be demonstrated to have taken 
place in any group of animals or plants is quite incompatible with the hypo- 
thesis that all living forms are the results of a necessary process of progressive 
development, entirely comprised within the time represented by the fossili- 
ferous rocks. 
This, of course, I use only as an argumentum ad hominem. 
I have already said that no dead remains of formerly existing 
gradations in the fauna or flora of the world could prove that 
they developed upwards and out of one another, though I 
admit variation within nature's known limits. Here, again, 
however, Darwinism requires us to reverse the facts of nature. 
The author of the Vestiges thought that no fish existed at the 
period of the lower Silurian deposits, but only Crustacea and 
molluscs. But remains of fish have since been found even 
below that formation, and not merely of fish of a low kind, 
but in the highest state of organization. 
If we think, with Hugh Miller, that “ There was a time 
when the ichthyic form constituted the highest form of life," 
still the sea during that period did not swarm with fish of the 
degraded type. At the time also when (he concludes) all the 
carnivora and herbivorous quadrupeds were represented by 
reptiles ; still there are no such magnificent reptiles now, as 
then reigned on the earth. If again (like Miller) we think 
there was a time when birds alone represented all the warm- 
blooded animals of the globe ; yet we find from the prints of 
