126 
exists, nevertheless, no reason for doubting his descriptions of the mode of 
life of the gorilla. Some of the corrections of Mr. Reade of the remarks o. 
Du Chaillu have no great bearing on the position which in my opmion this 
animal occupies in the scale of beings. But whatever may be the value of 
a profound knowledge of the mode of life of a gorilla, its anatomical s^ 
shows us sufficiently the degree of his organization, and the siz e > of Ins ^brnm 
upon which depends his intelligence. In this respect the distance between 
the gorilla and man is immense, a difference which has not been properly 
appreciated by Mr. Huxley. There is no doubt that m the bram of the 
large anthropoid apes, no essential part of the human bram l, absent , but 
as regards volume, the difference is very remarkable. The assertion of Mr 
Huxley that men, even as regards the volume of the bram, differ among 
themselves more than apes, is equally erroneous ; an opinion which is funded 
upon the arbitrary employment of measurements of crania both rare and 
doubtful. The brain of the Australian exceeds two or three times the volume 
of the brain of the gorilla, whilst the brain of a Europeai 
Australian only by one-fifth. Another allegation of Mr. Huxley to the effect 
that, as regards the volume of the brain, the inferior apes differ from the 
superior as much as the latter differ from man, is also without scientific 
value, inasmuch as this author has not taken mto account the mcomparable 
difference of size of the above-mentioned simia, whilst m this respect man 
and the gorilla are nearly equal. This distance between man and ape must 
not be ignored ; in fact, one glance at the cranial cavity reveals it I 
think, however, that it was less in times past, or perhaps did not exist at all. 
The differences of volume in orgamsed beings of the present world are only 
gaps produced in the chain by time. Transit ional forms will, no 'doubt be 
found still reposing in the bosom of the earth which covers f^ontoffigicd 
creation. Without entering into pretended developments, I shall confine 
things, the distance between man and the animal 
increases under our own eye. Not merely the human races standing owes 
in the scale, and presenting in their organisation many resemblances to 
animal forms are gradually becoming extmct, but the superior apes approach- 
ing nearest to man become more rare from century to century ; and will, 
perhaps, in a few centuries have entirely disappeared. What is there illogical 
in the idea that thousands of years back the distance between the lowest 
man and the highest ape was less than at present, and that it would still 
lessen the more we ascend the past ? __ +11T , nl law 
There is another circumstance, not owmg to chance but to a natural law, 
namely, that the superior apes could only maintain themselves amidst in- 
ferior men ; for on contact with civilized peoples they would long since have 
disappeared. The more that man advances, the more likely is he to bi eak 
the P lmks which ally him to brutes. There is another striking fact which 
deserves mention, namely, that the large apes of Asia and Africa differ from 
each other by the same characters which distinguish l the men of these two 
continents, that is to say, in colour and the form of the cra ^ m 'h^ma 
"bra chvcephalic Malav, the orang is brown, and his head is round , the gonna, 
on the contrary, is black and dolichocephalic; like the African negro. This 
annroach of two different human races to different apes from the same coun- 
tries, seems to me the most fatal objection, in our present state of knowledge, 
which might he made to the theory of the unity of the human g^us- 
M Gratiolet thought that there exists no reason for establishing 
anatomical similitude between man and the gorilla. As regards the brain, the 
gorilla’s is the lowest of the anthropoid apes, since the brain does not coyer 
the cerebellum, by which he approaches the cynocephali. It is not m fiis 
size and strength that we must look for human characters, but in the ca- 
rnation of the hands, and just in this he differs considerably from man. The 
