230 
Lility is not a 
existence m a thing t y Th hcde controversy turns on 
»» * ” e,bi “ g 
iron. _ Heat is on y a ■ m ^ of t } ie nature of motion. Is it 
this iron — it is in fac < f ac t s of consciousness, 
not a legitimate Hiferen ^ ^ ttat there is present in 
caused by the present gtate 0 f mo tion that we call 
it a substance, which is reD lies in the affirmative 
heat? If the inference which lephesin t. ^ gubgtanc0 
is legitimate, then o^ n ected with this piece of iron there 
which we call iron. Con ation and all these facts m 
may be any number "^ c f ge t facts in that order direct the intel- 
a given ol der. existence of the substance ? If they 
ligent thinker to infer t truth, so that from 
do, and that according to all the < bn* > hut 
this direction he concludes *at. substance^ b ^ ^ h(j 
that of whose existence al q • ex ists tliege states 
knows that substance exists, and ^tributes. To meet this, 
or modes which we call P^P® 1 t ex i st 0 r that we do not 
he who asserts that substan , that by an induction 
know that it exists, inus s i , . , y which is opposed 
of facts more influential than SriT 3 H em Lt thus overturn 
to him,— that his inference m^g^ ^ wh i c h the common sense 
the cogent reasoning by^ would legitimately keep to his 
of mankind itself ^e conclude, therefore, that there are sub- 
strange ground. \V e ooncmoe, ^ t hat there are two 
stances in the universe, a “ d _8 called matter and the 
great classes of substances th the modes of 
other mmd. We are thus choose to 
existence belonging to those ders t’ a nd their relations, 
say, their « affections,” ^ s “ legitimate inference, 
Taking our knowledge as consist g ° that a 
and one of the most e g" Exists and ffiso another called 
substance which we call matt ^ how we legitimately 
mind, we are met with the qu t ^ generally, by 
infer this distinction of substanc ^ b0( £ me accessible to 
a careful comparison of inference tliat tbe modes of 
us. We discover by legi i totally different from those 
existence belonging to “J^^^those characteristic mode 
