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So far as the organs of locomotion are concerned, the inferior animals 
are, no doubt, furnished with such organs; but that does not prove that 
their organs of sensation are the same as man’s, either in quality or in extent. 
I suppose he does not mean to say that they are the same in extent and in 
kind — 
Captain Fish bourne. — He argues rather the other way, I think. 
The Chairman. — His view is, that man to a certain extent enjoys these 
things in common with the inferior animals. Man’s eye, for instance, is 
a valuable organ ; but it only belongs to the same class as that of the 
eagle. 
Professor MacDonald. — There is something in favour of the general 
reasoning, that animals indicate a certain amount of intelligence or natural 
sagacity, and that it is difficult to deny them some amount of reasoning 
power. Mr. Morshead has mentioned the cawing of the rook. Now, it is 
a very singular thing that rooks in the country are perfectly aware when it is 
Sunday; and that on that particular day of the week you will find them 
resting quietly on the boughs of the trees within a very short distance of 
you, or walking about perfectly fearless at your approach — 
Mr. Reddie. — I believe that is confined to Scotch rooks, is it not ? 
(Laughter.) 
Professor MacDonald. — You know a Scotchman is quite entitled to 
explain his experience and the observations made by his countrymen. 
(Laughter.) 
The Chairman. — I am afraid the rooks are not quite so good in this 
southern quarter of the country. (Laughter.) 
Professor MacDonald. — Probably you have not here the same respectful 
observance of the Sabbath. (Laughter.) With regard to the indications of 
intelligence which dogs display, there is really no end to the cases that might 
be quoted. My brother-in-law had two small favourite dogs, and they also 
knew when it was Sunday— 
The Chairman. — I think dogs, in a well-regulated family, generally do 
know when it is Sunday. (Hear, hear.) 
Professor MacDonald. — My brother-in-law could never leave the house 
on any weekday but the dogs were out before him ; but on Sundays they 
merely accompanied him to the door and there stopped, as though to bid him 
adieu. It has been said that the lower animals are not capable of syllogistic 
reasoning, and for their own sakes I think it is a great blessing for them that 
they are not. (Laughter.) I s quite agree with Mr. Row, that, though our 
reasoning may be reduced to syllogisms, we do not practically reason syllo- 
gistically. Something has been said as to the way in which bees build their 
ceils. Now, it is very well known that some of the best-formed ships have 
been built by people who knew nothing about mathematics, but who con- 
structed them upon sound mathematical principles, and those ships have 
been most successful in their sailing qualities ; while others, built in the 
royal dockyards of the country, under all the advantges of skilful mathe- 
matical supervision and with every engineering advantage, are not always so 
