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same, — the waters covered the whole earth. And with this, 
so far as relates to that, with which we are now concerned — 
the universality of the Noachian Deluge — agree the words of 
Jehovah by the prophet Isaiah (liv. 6), “ For this is as the 
waters of Noah unto me ; for as I have sworn that the waters 
of Noah shall no more go over the earth, so have I sworn that 
I would not be wroth with thee, nor rebuke thee. - ” The 
reference here is to Gen. ix. 15 : “ And I will remember My 
covenant, which is between Me and you and every living 
creature of all flesh, and the waters shall no more become a 
flood to destroy all flesh.” But still more fully and exactly 
do the words of St. Peter (2 Pet. iii. 5-7) agree with what has 
been shown, both as to the extent of the Noachian Deluge 
and in part as to its sources : “ By the word of God the 
heavens were of old, and the earth standing out of the water 
and in the water.” Here, as it appears to me, is an evident 
reference to the formation of the firmament into and above 
which a portion of the waters was taken up (Gen. i. 6, 7). 
Then there is a still clearer reference to the gathering together 
of the waters into one place, so that the dry land appeared 
(Gen. i. 9, 10). Then it is added, “ Whereby,” that is, by 
which water (both that out of which, and that in which, the 
earth stood), “ the world that then was, being overflowed with 
water, perished. But the heavens and the earth, which are 
now, are kept in store, reserved unto fire against the day ot 
judgment and perdition of ungodly men.” If here the two 
expressions, “the world” and “the heavens and the earth,” 
be taken together and compared with Gen. vi., vii., viii., they 
add the strongest testimony to the universality of the Noachian 
Deluge and of its desolating and destructive power. Both 
then and on the occasion described in Gen. i. 2, “ the earth,” 
because of the waters, “ was without form and void.” To use 
the language of a prophet, foretelling the threatened destruction 
of Tyre (Ezekiel xxvi. 19), when Jehovah brought up the deep 
upon it and great waters covered it, the earth was made 
desolate. 
The terms again in which the destruction caused by 
the Noachian Deluge is expressed confirm the view thus 
taken of those which set forth its extent : “ And all flesh 
died that moved upon the earth, both of fowl, and of cattle, 
and of beast, and of every creeping thing that creepeth upon 
the earth, and every man : all in whose nostrils was the 
breath of life, of all that was in the dry land, died. And every 
living substance was destroyed which was upon the face of 
the ground, both man, and cattle, and the creeping things, 
and the fowl of the heaven ; and they were destroyed from the 
