that one part of the children of Canaan were servants to another part. And 
then I did not suppose the curse to continue to the end of time. 
Mr. Titcomb. — I do not think there is any force in the last part of your 
observation. The whole argument you brought forward was that the curse 
fell upon Canaan, and that through Canaan it is to be traced in the Nigntian 
family because they have an adaptability to slavery which the other races of 
men have not. If that is your argument it is worth nothing, because the 
Negroes are merely the smallest subsection of Canaan’s descendants. The 
Phoenicians and the Copts are among those descendants, and they were not 
black. (Hear, hear.) The whole subject appears to me only worthy of being 
dismissed at once. It is taking a part for the whole, and dealing with it 
imperfectly and unscientifically as though it were the whole. I think the 
remarks which are most worthy of being noticed, are those about my alleged 
deficiency of argument touching the climatic cause of variation in the humnn 
family. It was held by Mr. McArthur that a northern climate produced fair 
races, and a southern climate dark ones. That is no doubt true ; and in that 
section of my paper which deals with the influence of climate, I adduced a 
large number of instances where climate did operate considerably in that way, 
but where its influence is not so great as to produce the intense black vaiiety 
of the Negro race. With regard to the Negroes the argument fails utterly. 
The influence of climate is traceable here and there : of course in the north 
of Europe we have fair races and in the south darker ones, but I anticipated 
that objection, by the Very striking, and, as I tried to make it, trenchant 
remark that in the country of the Senegal you have a Moorish or fair race on one 
side of the river, and an intensely black race on the other side. These different 
races you have on the two banks of the same river; showing that the difference 
is constitutional and physical, and that it has nothing in the world to do with 
climate. That, I think, settles the whole question. Another objection was 
made to the effect that Kaffirs had woolly hair. Well, that is no argument 
against me, because the Kaffirs are a sub-variety of the Negro race, and what 
you prove in reference to the Negroes themselves you only prove a fortiori 
of the Kaffirs as an offshoot of the Negroes. No wonder they have the same 
peculiarity. To show that they are an offshoot of the Negro race you need 
only note the linguistic argument. I am correct when I say that the 
Negro or West African idioms are reproduced in many respects among the 
Kaffirs. I said in my paper that the W est African dialects stand midway 
between the Berber on the one side, and the Kaffir language on the other 
side, showing a unity or homogeneousness of race throughout. The only other 
argument is this : why an abnormal race like the Negro should be per- 
petuated and not a race of people with six fingers and six toes. I thought I 
had answered that, by stating that although anything in the nature of a 
malformation might be transmitted, it would have a tendency to obliterate 
or eradicate itself from its very monstrosity. But I showed that in the 
early period of the world, when accidents caused great separations of fami- 
lies, quarrels and disease may also have separated them ; and I showed by 
analogy, from Professor Huxley’s case of the pigs in the Florida woods, 
