suppose that he would have constructed beings endowed with 
the power of voluntary locomotion, without at the same time 
providing them with some sort of safeguard against the dang is 
which thev must necessarily encounter. I he bi ute nas 
certain amount of judgment and a certain amount o [^becSe 
either born with him or acquired by experience , and, because 
a human being has both judgment and 
appear to be intellectual qualities common to the human bein 
and "he bmte. But there is a vast difference in fund on 
between the quality which is always subordina e o 
instinct and the quality which is capable of acting m oppo- 
sition to it. In the brute the instinct is always the mot 
power : in man it is not always so. , ,1 Q -nnr»ta- 
eqaally ‘“0“ 
SSL s 
imt to forget that they operate independently of the intellect , 
of if we fo admit thir existence in the lower animals we cite 
them as proofs that the lower animals are capable of reason 
ins? Nevertheless, these faculties are almost mechanical i 
their mode of operation. The judgment (understanding the 
term in a modified sense) of the brute is easily resolvable into 
a balance of inclinations; for, whenever two or mo^ourse^ 
nf action are suggested to him_, he adopts the . 
S WmfVfquf for" in different directions, his action is 
SeSd untilThe balance is destroyed. This phenomenon 
is of so frequent occurrence that it may appear a mos P 
fluous to mention a case in point Many = age I was 
walking with a friend, accompanied by a female ®P a 
lonsidfrable sagacity. Several miles from home we parted 
company and w« in ^n wo were sof e hundred yards 
dfuSm each other'l heard my friend calling the , dog and 
Jontifued to do the same. The dog looked at me and then at 
my friend; first it ran a . few yards towards ; one of us, g thermit 
turned and ran a few yards towards the othei . 
tion of suspense it remained for nearly half an hour, until- 
probably inconsequence of my using measures opntimidatio 
!_the balance of inclination preponderated m favoui of m) 
