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psyche in hell ” 1 If the New Testament doctrine were that only the Pnenma 
survived, there ought to be some clear statement to that effect. 
Mr. James Bateman.— So far, you have all united in pulling Mr. Eng is s 
paper to pieces ; now I should like to throw in a word on the other side. I 
differ from its metaphysical deductions, but I think it va ua e in e s 
it has sunk into other matters bearing on the relation of the Pneuma and 
the Psyche to being. In pneumatology— the science of spirits— there are two 
distinct divisions, one referring to spirits as living things, the other referring 
to the science of ethics and morals, and philosophy and metaphysics, as 
deducible from the relation between body, soul, and spirit. I thought the 
discussion would have turned on spirits as such, and I thought it might have 
“ ve^ useful discussion too. If we gathered together the evidence 
contained in Scripture on spirits clean and unclean, we might find very 
valuable matter to assist us to form a true judgment on many pmnte 
which are now controverted. We all know of the abomination of 
“ spiritualism,” and there are many who believe that the a S encies 
work are really the spirits of the departed; but 1 “‘terly r ep ttd iate fte 
notion They are not the spirits of the departed, but I believe them 
to be unclean spirits that are wandering about-far “ 0re “ 
man and quite conscious that the time is coming when they wiU be cast 
into the abyss ; and as the end draws near, we may be sure that they 
will be more and more active for evil; and hence the many ways in 
which they now bewilder men’s minds. That is one line of thought 
which I conceived we might enter upon, and indeed it would be very 
useful to do so upon another occasion. But the paper deals wdh the 
sleep of death, and moral probation after death, and space and time m 
Now all those things are most interesting, bearing, as they do, or i W * com- 
toversy between Protestants and Romanists. Mora probation ate death 
Zl y us into the domain of purgatory, and it would be very useful to see 
what Scripture teaches, or rather does not teach, upon that point. If we 
could get a clear notion of the distinction between body, soul, and spirit, 
we would be t f e ^7^\“ g us SThtthilli. of 
because I think there is a marvellous scientific accuracy in Scripture Take 
two instances bearing upon the question before us : one is in the bo^k of Eccl 
siastes where there is a contrast drawn betweeen the spirit of man and the 
. . ’ , , , j -a sa j(j • “Who knoweth the spirit of naan that goeth 
spirit of the beast ; and it is said . vv no ^ r „ 
nnward and the spirit of the beast that goeth downward to the earth J the 
theword there is not “ spirit” in the sense of being a part of our B^urebut 
« S1)irit » in the sense in which it is used in other passages as breath. Her , 
out through its nostrils, goes down to the earth, but the breath ot ma 
ascends. 
