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inference and evidence must be completely shaken, if not 
shattered. 
51. But I proceed. The Jews were known to the heathen 
by their reverence for clouds. Thus, Juvenal says, “ They wor- 
ship nothing but clouds, and the divinity of heaven.” * 
This is in accordance with such passages of the Pentateuch as 
Exod. xiii. 21, Lev. xvi. 21, Numb. x. 34, Deut. iv. 16. Again, 
Moses, in Leviticus xiii. 22, permits the Israelites in the 
Arabian desert to eat locusts. That this was historically pro- 
bable, many ancient authors, both Greek and Roman, bear 
witness. Strabo says, “ There is a people of Arabia whose 
food consists of locusts. . . . They are pounded with salt, made 
into cakes, and eaten.” j- Moses also speaks in Numb. xi. 5, 
of the onions and garlic which Israel freely ate in Egypt. 
The historical accuracy of this is vouched for by Herodotus ; 
who says, “ On the outside of the pyramid of Cheops were 
inscribed in Egyptian characters the various sums of money 
expended in the progress of the work, for radishes, onions , 
and garlic consumed by the workmen.” { Pliny also says, 
“ Garlic and onions are invoked by the Egyptians when taking 
an oath. § Of the testimony which this race of writers bears 
to the passage of the Red Sea by Israel, the following remark- 
able passage may not be deemed without interest. Strabo 
says, “ The people of Ptolemais had engaged in battle with 
Sarpedon, and after a signal defeat were left in this place, 
when a wave from the sea, like the rising tide, overwhelmed 
the fugitives ; some were carried out to sea and drowned ; 
others perished in hollow places ; then again, the ebb suc- 
ceeding, uncovered and displayed to sight the bodies lying 
in confusion among dead fish.” || To the exodus of Israel 
out of Egypt there are several testimonies, although some 
of them are bungled and blemished by admixture with extra- 
neous circumstances. 
52. Thus Herodotus says of the people of Palestine, “ They 
once inhabited ( according to their own account) the coasts of 
the Red Sea ; but migrated thence to the maritime parts of 
Syria.” Diodorus Siculus says, “ In ancient times there 
happened a great plague in Egypt, and many ascribed the 
cause of it to God, who was angry with them, because of 
strangers in the land, by whom foreign ceremonies were em- 
ployed in religious worship .” He then describes, as a con- 
sequence, the expulsion of these strangers ; first naming the 
* Juv., Sat., xiv. 97. f Strabo, xvi. c. 4. 
t Herod., ii. 125. § Pliny., Hist. Nat., xix. o, 32. 
|| Strabo, xvi. c. 2. «T Herod., vii. c. 89. 
