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worshipped, by the Roman Catholics, who claim them as their property. If it 
be true that you find a sponge and a spear upon them, that is decisive. 
Mr. Newton. — On one of them ? 
Mr. Graham.— Well, if they be found on one, it is rather presumptive 
evidence that they are all of the same character, and they are not calculated 
to invalidate the testimony adduced by Mr. Titcomb, whom I thank very 
much, for his excellent paper, for there is a vast amount of information 
concentred in it : though short, it is a very instructive paper. Mr. 
Titcomb did not intend to make it exhaustive, but comprehensive. 
Now I must say that I thoroughly go with Mr. Gosse in his criticism on 
the word Babel. I do not think we can admit the derivation of “ Gate 
of God.” There are some who derive it from the Gate of Belus, but 
Mr. Gosse points out that you have its true derivation in Genesis itself, 
where we are told that God confounded the language of man, and so the 
place they were building was called Babel, as Gesenius says, for Balbel, or 
the confounded. This seems to me to be quite sufficient. Then have we 
not many scriptural words reproduced in mythology ? For instance, take the 
name of Jehovah, the Supreme God. What is Jove but a corruption of 
Jehovah— Jehovah in another form ? If you take it in Greek in another 
form, you get Z evg, from Zu >>}, life, which gives you the radical idea of 
Jehovah, or the one who is, who was, and who is to come, on which account 
the Jews tell us that the three ideas of past, present, and future are con- 
tained in the word Jehovah. Then take another word, Erebus, which the 
poets tell us is that state or place between Tartarus and Elysium, where there 
is a sort of mixture of light and darkness. Ereb, evening or twilight, a flick- 
ering of light, from which comes Arab. Then take another word, the 
derivation of which is not so clear, r/dovri, sweetness, but which seems 
to be taken from Eden. Apollonius tells us that the name of the serpent 
that guarded the apples of the Hesperides was Ladon, or El Adon, the God 
of the Garden of Eden, and Apollonius has written some very beautiful 
lines on that subject. As to the Hesperides themselves, many derive them 
from two Hebrew words, ets peri, a tree of fruit, which gives you the idea at 
once of the tree of apples guarded by the serpent Ladon. There are many 
other interesting matters which might be pointed out in connection with this 
subject, and it is very desirable that strangers interested therein, and 
able to give us a little light, should take part in our discussion. I now 
come to the expulsion of Adam from Paradise. After he was expelled, 
“Cherubinis and a flaming sword ” there were placed at the east of the Garden. 
Now have we not the reproduction of “ Cherubim” in classical mythology, 
and in Egypt and Assyria ? In one instance we have the Egyptian god 
Kneph, the exact name for the wing of a cherub — the Hebrew Keneph. 
With regard to Japetus, I agree with Mr. Titcomb, that there we 
have the Japhet of Noah. He was the father of mankind according to the 
Greeks, and we all believe that Europe was chiefly peopled by the descend- 
ants of Japhet. There are also one or two other points which I should like 
to notice. Take Pandora. It means, as you know, every gift — 7 rav dutpov. 
