20 
geological horizon in the Drift most clearly defined in the sections of the 
gravel-pits at St. Acheul ; there the “ implements ” lie at the bottom of the 
bed minted with angular flint gravel, the whole having a general uniformity 
of size, conformable with their geological deposition. It is obvious at a 
glance, that the angular gravel and the implements must be referred to the 
same common origin : they are similar in their nature, in the colour and depth 
of the patina, in the amount of wear from being rolled in water, and in the 
character of the chipping on their faces ; and all their antecedents are geo o- 
gical and not antiquarian ; and the unquestionable inference is, that they 
were lodged in the gravel by natural causes, perfectly irrespective of the wil 
of mail " It is, in fact, so obvious that they must have had a geological 
orio-in, that to bridge over the difficulty it has been surmised (and on this 
subject there is no end of surmising) that the “implements” have been 
swept away from ancient Paleolithic villages by land floods, and deposited in 
their present geological position. This fancy, no doubt, evades the full force 
of the geological argument, but it places the evidence of the origin oi the 
« implements” beyond the reach of scientific inquiry, and builds the Paleoli- 
thic a»e on an invisible foundation, which I need not ’attempt to overthrow. 
Acain, it has been surmised that, from the great abundance of the imple- 
ments,” there must have been a manufacture of them on the spot. Oi this 
we know nothing— the proof lies beyond human ken and scientific research, 
—but this we do know, that whoever built the supposed manufactory, the 
storehouse in which they were lodged was undoubtedly built by the hand 
2 Their geographical distribution.- The home of the entire flint nodule is 
in the upper chalk, and the home of the so-called implement is m the 
anmilar flint-gravel and flint-drift ; their paternity is geological, and this 
relationship is so close and intimate that it has never been broken Thus 
the flakes of the north of Ireland adhere closely (except where drifted) to 
the green ribbon indicating the chalk, and which encircles on the geological 
map the basalt of Antrim. The instructive geological map of Europe, by 
Sir Koderick Murchison, shows us that the Somme drains a large cretaceous 
district, that Hoxne, Bury St. Edmund’s, and Brandon, are in the middle o 
a chalk plateau, that the beach at Herne Bay and the Reculyers is bounded 
by a chalk cliff, that Timber is in the middle of the chalk district of Yor - 
shire, that Fisherton is at the foot of the chalk plain of Salisbury ; and it is 
well known that all the valley gravels in which the “implements have 
been found, are mainly composed of flint detritus. Nor can we stop here ; 
the caverns of the Dordogne, of Sicily, and the site of the flint flakes from 
Syria and Arabia Petrsea, are all intimately connected with cretaceous 
formations. This connection of the geographical distribution of the imple- 
ments with geological structure has been pointed out in greater detail by 
the Treasurer of the Anthropological Institute, Mr. Flower, who says : It 
is a remarkable circumstance, in relation to these deposits, that they occur 
only within a comparatively limited area. No true Drift implement has, I 
believe, ever been found in countries lying north of Great Britain ; nor m 
