which have somehow been broken and smashed up. With these broken 
quartz the flint-flakes are found mixed. Leaving Cornwall, and coming to 
Cissbury-hill, the flint-flakes are found in a thick stratum, and in cart-loads, 
about two feet under the soil on each side of the hill. I went to Belgium, 
and at Spiennes, near Mons, I found these flakes most abundant. I found 
them in the village at the top of the gardens, and two or three feet below the 
surface of the soil there was a stratum of most perfect flakes, with the bulb of 
percussion plainly developed, and all the usual marks of 4 chipping. This 
stratum was six inches thick, and I traced it for more than a quarter of a 
mile along the country. And not only was this the case, but I found that 
by denudation these flakes were scattered over the soil in the lower district. 
Certainly, when you look at one of these flakes, and at the way m which it 
is chipped— and consider that the antiquaries say that all the blows were 
delivered on one end, and for one purpose— there does appear to be some 
reason to think that they have not been formed by natural causes ; but 
it happens that I am engaged in making roads and in doing engineering 
works at Eastbourne, and my contractor there prepares the metalling 
for the roads by crushing large nodules of flint with one of Blake’s stone- 
breakers. There are two men engaged in shovelling in the flints, and as 
fast as they can feed the crushing machine, the great iron jaw, which is 
worked by a steam-engine, crushes the pieces. From these crushed flints 
which are manipulated by this powerful and unintellectual crusher, I can 
pick out flint-flakes and 44 cores” in any number. On those flakes, you will 
see the bulb of percussion, the marks of chipping, and every evidence of 
manufacture as perfectly demonstrated as they are on the flakes which 
Mr. Evans sets down as having been formed by human agency. . I say 
this advisedly and with great respect for all who differ from me. I will only 
make a few further remarks. INI r. Evans has rather taken the wind out of 
my sails by the course he has taken in answering my arguments ; but I am 
quite certain of this, that none of these implements, nor of those which 
have been brought from St. Acheul, nor any that are on the table in this 
room, bear the same marks of use upon them as the Neolithic implements 
bear. Mr. Evans has put it very strongly that they do bear marks of use ; 
but he did not say that the marks of use on the Palaeolithic tools were 
of the same character as the marks of use which are observable on the 
Neolithic implements. I have seen and examined in the museums at Abbe- 
ville and Salisbury, and in the gravel-beds of Norfolk and elsewhere, pro- 
bably more than a thousand of these flint implements, and I am able to 
declare with great honesty and sincerity that I have not been able to find a 
single implement that bears the same kind of marks of use which are borne 
by the Neolithic tools* If you will allow me, I will endeavour to illustrate 
* The following seems to give indirect support to the views Mr. Whitley 
holds “ To Dr. Hooker I have been indebted for some examples of stones, 
the first specimens of which were picked up by Mr. Hackworth on the shores 
of Lyell’s Bay, New Zealand. ... The stones, which have a strong resem- 
